Sexuality & Gender Flashcards
what were condoms used for during the renaissance?
to prevent syphilis
what influences sexuality?
influenced by anatomy/physiology, culture, relationships with others, developmental experiences
sexual identity vs gender identity
sexual - biology (chromosomes, sex characteristics, hormones, etc)
gender identity - person’s sense of maleness/femaleness.
when is gender identity in place?
by age 3
gender role?
all of the things that a person says/does that tells the world around them what their gender is. not est at birth, built cumulatively through life
sexual orientation?
the object of a person’s sexual impulses
heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, or asexual
do lesbian or gay couples experience less social stigmatization?
lesbian couples
T/F: lesbians may be less likely to seek gyn care
true
T/F: lesbians have a more long term, monogamous relationship than gay couples
true
who determines their preference earlier, gay men or lesbian women?
gay men (early adolescence). women identify in middle-late adolescence or young adulthood
is treatment recommended to change one’s sexual orientation?
no. it is almost impossinle to change one’s attraction toward an entire gender.
what’s the thought on nature vs nurture?
it’s split.
even when you break it down by education level, it’s pretty split
do any of these things contribute to sexual orientation?:
style of parenting, absence of a male or female parent, degree of opportunity for any type of sexual experience in adolescence, early seduction or rape
no.
what do we recommend for people to become comfortable with themselves?
psychological intervention
GENDER DYSPHORIA
incongruence between assigned gender and the one that they are experiencing
how many sx and how many months for gender dysphoria? (children vs adults)
children: 6 months, 6 or more of the following sx
adults: 6 months, 2 or more of the following
* *different than other DSM criteria in that it does not have to cause distress
T/F:
- Among males with early onset- more likely to be satisfied with gender reassignment because their dysphoria tends to be stronger
- Late onset males- more ambivalent and less satisfied after surgery
true.
how does gender dysphoria differ from transvestic disorders?
transvestic disorder - individuals, typically male, who achieve sexual arousal from cross-dressing
Lacks identification with other gender as their identity
differentials for people with ambiguous genitalia
Virilizing adrenal hyperplasia
Turner’s Syndrome
Kleinfelter’s Syndrome
Hermaphroditism/Pseudohemaphroditism
what is virilizing adrenal hyperplasia
excess androgens in a fetus who is XX
enlarged clitoris
fused labia
hirsuitism in adolescence
turner’s syndrome
45XO (no second X chrom)
Webbed neck
Bilateral streak gonads, underdeveloped Mullerian tract (tract that will eventually become fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina) in female/regress in males
Dwarfism
No sex hormones produced, so infertile
Assigned as female due to appearance of genitals
klinefelter’s
XXY. low androgen, small penis, ruidmentary testicles, weak libido, high incidence of MR, usually assigned as a male
androgen insensitivity syndrome
they have XY but their outward appearance suggests female. presents as primary amenorrhea. tall with female breasts and external genitalia
hermaphroditism
mosaic. both testes and overies in same person.
46XX or 46XY
pseudohermaphrodism
have normal chromosomes
when does masturbation become abnormal?
Abnormal only if this is the only type of sexual activity performed even when could have other intimate acts, or if it is a compulsion
what are the 4 stages of sexual response cycle?
1: desire
2: excitement (peak of arousal)
3: orgasm (release of sexual tension)
4: resolution (the let-down)
how long must sexual dysfunction be present for?
6 months.
must be distressing
T/F: male hypoactive sexual desire disorder has to be present for at least 6 months and be distressing. has to do with decreased desire
true
what substance can cause decreased sexual desire over time?
ETOH
