sexual reproduction in flowering plants 2

Question 1

function of the funicle

Answer 1

stalk-like connection point between ovule and ovary

Question 2

function of the integuments

Answer 2

develop into seed coat or testa

Question 3

function of the antipodal cells

Answer 3

nourishes endosperm and embryo sac

Question 4

function of the synergids

Answer 4

direct pollen tube growth to egg cells

Question 5

function of the polar nuceli

Answer 5

acts as the endosperm nucleus after fertilization

Question 6

function of the micropyle

Answer 6

allows passage of pollen tubes during fertilization

Question 7

describe the formation of the female gamete

Answer 7

1. the diploid megaspore mother cell in the ovule undergoes meiosis to produce a tetrad of haploid megaspores. Only one is functional, the others degenerate
2. The fully functional megaspore continuously undergo mitosis to produce embryo sac of 8 haploid nuclei.
3. 6 nuclei will migrate to the poles of the embryo sac, forming the antipodal and synergid, one of them functioning as the egg
4. two polar nuclei will remain, and will fuse with the sperm cell to form the endosperm nucleus

Question 8

describe flowers that exhibit autogamy

Answer 8

are SELF POLLINATED (within the same flower, or between two flowers of the same plant)

Question 9

describe flowers that exhibit allogamy

Answer 9

CROSS-POLLINATED (between two
flowers of different plants).

Question 10

description and example of CLEISTOGAMOUS flowers

Answer 10

non-opening and promote self-fertilization, e.g. peas and pansies.

Question 11

flowers with brightly colored petals

Answer 11

will attract insects

Question 12

flowers with dull and small petals

Answer 12

will be pollinated by the wind

Question 13

what is inbreeding?

Answer 13

self pollination or self fertilization

Question 14

advantages of inbreeding

Answer 14

desirable traits can be predictably passed down
along generations and the flowers can be produced in very large numbers at a rapid rate

Question 15

what is outbreeding?

Answer 15

when different members of a plant species fertilize each other

Question 16

advantages of outbreeding

Answer 16

It ensures DIVERSITY of the species, having a
variety of alleles among members.

Question 17

what is self -incompatibility?

Answer 17

is a phenomenon that prohibits self-fertilization or inbreeding.

Question 18

what is cross fertilization?

Answer 18

is the process of fertilization that occurs between
two different individuals of the same species.