Sexual Orientation in Medicine

Question 1

What is the definition of biological sex?

Answer 1

this is the genotype or phenotype you are born with.

Question 2

What is the definition of gender identity?

Answer 2

this is the sex you identify with, may or may not be your biological sex.

Question 3

What is the social gender role?

Answer 3

the cultural norms of how you are to act based on your biological sex

Question 4

What is sexual orientation?

Answer 4

this is a continuum of which sex you are attracted to

different than gender identity

Question 5

What is the Kinsey Scale?

Answer 5

the sexual orientation continuum from 0-6. 0:heterosexual; 6: homosexual
**Kinsey did his first study in 1948 & this scale was popular in the 1950s.

Question 6

What was the contribution of Hooker?

Answer 6

She did studies on whether homosexuals & heterosexuals were similar psychologically. Done in 1957
used TAT, MAPS, & inkblot tests

Question 7

When was the term homosexual first used in medical literature?

Answer 7

1860s

Question 8

When was homosexuality taken off of the DSM as a disorder?

Answer 8

1973

Question 9

When was the AAPHR formed?

Answer 9

1981

Question 10

When did organizations start rejecting sexual orientation conversion therapy?

Answer 10

2001-2002

Question 11

What is another term for transgender?

Answer 11

those experiencing gender dysphoria

Question 12

What are the 4 factors that may contribute to sexual orientation?

Answer 12

genetic
hormonal
environmental
psychological

Question 13

What are the stages of gay/lesbian identity development?

Answer 13

Sensitization
Sexual identity confusion
sexual identity assumption
integration & commitment
**note sometimes someone who is gay or lesbian & experiencing depression is stuck in one of these stages.

Question 14

What is sensitization?

Answer 14

Sensitization: younger than age 12 realize different than their peers

Question 15

Describe the stage of sexual identity confusion.

Answer 15

aware of same sex feelings
cognitive dissonance
feelings of isolation, depression, confusion
**happens in early adolescence

Question 16

Describe the stage of sexual identity assumption.

Answer 16

self identify as gay or lesbian & start spending time with similar peers
come out to some
strengthen self esteem
**happens in late adolescence or early adulthood

Question 17

Describe the stage of integration & commitment.

Answer 17

self-acceptance
integration of gay or lesbian identity into all aspects of life.
come out to all people
adulthood

Question 18

Why are LGBT populations at greater risk for cancer?

Answer 18

b/c they seek medical care less often

Question 19

Why are lesbians thought to be at higher risk for breast cancer?

Answer 19

smoking
inadequate diets
obesity
fewer pregnancies
less likely to seek medical care

Question 20

HIV + men & women are more likely to get anal cancer due to ____.

Answer 20

HPV

Question 21

There are higher rates of which 3 things in the LGBT community?

Answer 21

depression
drinking/drug abuse
smoking

Question 22

What is better question to ask instead of are you married?

Answer 22

Do you have a spouse or domestic partner?

Question 23

What is a better question to ask instead of do you have a boyfriend/girlfriend?

Answer 23

Do you have a partner?

Question 24

What is the Conscientious Objector Policy Act?

Answer 24

something Michigan passed in 2006. Gives doctors the right to refuse to treat someone based on their sexual orientation.

Question 25

What is heterosexism?

Answer 25

intolerance of non-heterosexual expressions of sexuality.