Sexual Development General Qs Flashcards
What is the Sry?
The sex determining region of the Y chromosome
Wolffian system
Develops into males sexual organs–will whither away unless anti-müllerian hormone secreted
Müllerian system
Develops into female sexual organs.
“Organizational effects” are…
Hormonal effects on tissue differentiation and development
“Activational effects” are…
Effects of hormones on a fully developed individual.
Androgen insensitivity syndrome is
A congenital lack of functioning of androgen receptors
Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome
Congenital lack of anti-müllerian hormone
Turner syndrome is…
The individual only has one sex chromosome. Denoted “XO”
They have a female phenotype
What is GRH? What does it do?
Gonadotropin releasing hormone
Stimulates release of FSH and LH–follicle stimulating hormone and leutinizing hormone
How long is an estrous cycle?
Roughly 4 days.
Ovarian follicles are
Epithelial cells surrounding an oocyte, which develops into an ovum and releases estradiol
What is the corpus luteum?
Cluster of cells that release progesterone and estradiol.
They develop from the ovarian follicle after ovulation
Describe the neuroendocrine control of the menstrual cycle.
- Anterior pituitary releases FSH, stimulates follicle growth on ovary
- Ovary releases estradiol, which causes release of luteunizing hormone to be released from anterior pituitary
- Release of LH causes ovulation
- After ovulation the ovary begins to produce progesterone and estradiol
Behavioral defeminization is…
An organizational effect that prevents the individual from displaying female features in adulthood.
Behavioral masculinization is..
An organizational effect that enables animals to engage in male sexual behavior in adulthood.
What is the vomeronasal organ?
A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals.
What does the accessory olfactory bulb receive information from?
The vomeronasal organ.
The medial nucleus of the amygdala receives information from…
The olfactory and accessory olfactory bulb.
Involved in pheromones and reproductive behavior.
Testosterone loss leads to:
Loss of sperm and sexual interest/potency
What is congenital adrenal hyperplasia?
A condition characterized by hypersecretion of androgens–in females this causes masculinization of the external genetalia.
The bed nucleus of the Stria terminalis is larger in…
Males.
Neural control of sexual behavior is mediated by:
Medial preoptic area, sexually dimorphic nucleus, and … some part of the spine!
The medial preoptic area is involved in…
Make sexual behavior.
The sexually dimorphic nucleus is larger in…
Males.
What role does the PAG play in sexual behavior?
Female sexual behavior, species typical sexual behavior.
What role does the nueus paragigantocellularis (nPGI) play in sexual behavior?
Male sexual reflexes.
What role does the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus play in sexual behavior?
Female sexual behavior.
The INAH-3 (interstitial nucleus of the interior hypothalamus) or “SDN POA” is larger in…
Men.
Larger in straight men than gay men as well.
