Sexual Assault Flashcards
What body secretions contain DNA?
Saliva
Saliva can be collected for DNA analysis.
How much saliva must be collected for a specimen?
About 10ml in a sterile jar or with sterile gauze
Proper collection is critical for accurate DNA testing.
What is the recommended emergency contraception method to be given within 72 hours of unprotected sexual intercourse?
B) Ovral (50mg Ethinyl Oestradiol + 500mg Norgestrel), two pills immediately and two after 12 hours
This method is preferred for effectiveness.
What important consideration must be made when collecting evidence after oral sex?
A) Spermatozoa may remain present in the mouth and saliva for up to 36 hours
Swabs should be taken from lips, gums, palate, pharynx, and tongue.
What is the ideal timeframe for performing an examination after a sexual assault to preserve evidence?
Within 72 hours of the incident
This timeframe is crucial to preserve trace evidence before healing begins.
What is included in the history taking during a sexual assault examination?
Date, time, exam venue, victim name, general medical history, sexual history, and details of the incident
This information is essential for treatment and evidence collection.
What acronym is used to document injuries during a physical examination?
TEARS (T-tears/lacerations/tenderness, E-ecchymosis/bruises, A-abrasions, R-redness, S-swelling)
This method helps in systematic documentation of findings.
What are the two doses required for post coital contraception using combined oral contraceptives?
Two doses, 12 hours apart
Each dose must contain at least 100 µg of ethinyl estradiol and 500 µg of levonorgestrel.
What is the purpose of the Sexual Assault Evidence Collection Kit (SAECK)?
To collect and safeguard evidence
All documentation must be submitted to the investigating officer.
What does a tear in the posterior fourchette indicate?
Injury due to sexual intercourse in supine position
This injury is consistent with penetration.
What should be examined during the examination of the vulva?
Swelling, redness, lacerations, and abrasions
Careful examination is crucial for identifying injuries.
What method is recommended for examining the vagina?
Use speculum for visualization
Non-lubricated, water-moistened speculum is preferred.
What should be noted during the bimanual exam?
Presence or absence of pain and potential trauma
This helps rule out pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or injuries.
What must be taken into account when examining the anal region?
Inspect for redness, bruised margins, traces of lubricant, and seminal stains
Anal injury is rare due to voluntary control.
What is the protocol for testing for STIs in victims?
Thorough checks with laboratory blood tests 7 to 14 days after the incident
Early detection and treatment are crucial.
What must be documented during a medico-legal exam?
All findings in sufficient detail
This documentation is vital for legal proceedings.
What conditions invalidate consent for sexual intercourse?
Given in fear, when asleep, under influence, or by a mentally incapacitated person
Consent must be conscious and voluntary.
What is defined as rape according to the South African sexual offence act?
The intentional and unlawful intercourse with a female without her consent
It includes forced anal/oral sex and penetration with objects.
What is Rape Trauma Syndrome?
A cluster of behavioral, physical, and emotional problems following rape or severe sexual assault
It can include PTSD symptoms and requires supportive treatment.
What has been the trend in reported rape cases in recent years?
Increased by 15%
This is likely an underestimation due to underreporting.
What is the purpose of obtaining consent for examination and treatment?
To ensure that the patient is fully competent, conscious, and voluntarily agrees
Consent is necessary for ethical and legal reasons.
What does the acronym SAECK stand for?
Sexual Assault Evidence Collection Kit
It is used for collecting evidence in sexual assault cases.
