Sexual and Asexual reproduction Flashcards
What is sexual reproduction?
fusion of male and female gametes, fertilisation from 2 parents
Why are sexually produced offspring genetically different?
because they inherit characteristics from both parents and over generations it introduces loads of variations
What are gametes?
egg cells and sperm cells in animals and humans
example of gametes in plants
Pollen and eggs
example of gametes in humans
sperm and eggs cells
How much genetic material do gametes have?
half of genetic material
How are gametes met?
met through meiosis
As a result of asexual reproduction, are the offspring genetically identical or genetically unique?
genetically identical
When fungi and plants reproduce asexually, which process do they use?
mitosis
When bacteria reproduce asexually, which process do they use?
binary fission
Which type of reproduction allows an organism to colonise a new area most quickly?
Asexual reproduction
Which type of reproduction leads to more genetic variation in the population?
sexual reproduction
two downsides of asexual reproduction
-Low genetic variation means that offspring are more susceptible to disease
-The population would have a smaller chance of adapting to new conditions
pros and cons of sexual reproduction.
3 pro & con
PRO - because gametes fuse it leads to a large amount of variation
PRO - population is less likely to wiped out by a disease or extreme event
PRO - species can adapt to changing conditions by evolution
CON - it requires two parents
CON- individuals may have have to spend large amounts of time and energy searching for a mate
CON - many species spend resources impressing their mates even though it doesn’t aid survival
