Severson

Question 1

thoracic duct

Answer 1

The thoracic duct can usually be found anterior to the left vertebral artery, the left anterior scalene muscle, and behind the carotid sheath on its course to the left. The thoracic duct drains into the left subclavian vein near its junction with the left jugular vein.

Question 2

The phrenic nerve is located…

Answer 2

on the anterior surface of the Anterior scalene muscle

Question 3

The brachial plexus and the subclavian artery are found between…

Answer 3

the anterior and middle scalene muscles.

Question 4

The internal thoracic artery…

Answer 4

descending on the lateral border of the sternum, is a branch of the subclavian artery.

Question 5

The left subclavian artery takes origin from

Answer 5

the arch of the aorta, while the right subclavian takes origin from the brachiocephalic trunk.

Question 6

The thyrocervical trunk gives rise to three vessels:

Answer 6

Inferior thyroid that supplies the lower regions the two lobes of the thyroid gland;

the transverse cervical artery that passes posteriorly to accompany the accessory nerve (superficial branch of transverse cervical);

and the suprascapular artery that supplies the suprascapularis and infrascapularis muscles, and anastomosis with the circumflex scapular artery, a branch of the subscapular artery.

Question 7

The parathyroid glands are located…

Answer 7

on the posterior surface of the thyroid glands

Question 8

The anterior belly of the digastric muscle is found on the

Answer 8

ventral surface of the mylohyoid muscle, and like the mylohyoid, is innervated by V3.

Question 9

The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) passes lateral to the

Answer 9

external carotid artery and enters the oral cavity above the mylohyoid muscle to supply motor innervation to the tongue muscles.

Question 10

CN III = ?

CN V1 = ?

Parasympathetic/sympathetic/sensory?

Answer 10

Parasympathetic

Sensory

Question 11

Horner Syndrome

Answer 11

Results from interruption of sympathetic pathways on the ipsilateral (same) side either in the:

1. Cervical sympathetic trunk (pre-ganglionic fibers)
2. Sympathetic fibers in the brain stem and spinal cord

• *Ptosis** - drooping of the eyelid (superior tarsal muscle)
• *Miosis** - pupillary constriction
• *Anhidrosis** - absence of sweating
• *Flushing of the face (redness/vasodilation)**