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Earth Science > Severe Storms Movie Notes > Flashcards

Severe Storms Movie Notes Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 4 contributing factors to flash floods?

A

Slopes
Speed
Saturation (interstitial space)
Soil Type (rock, sand, dirt etc)

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2
Q

how deep does water have to be to wash away a car? knock you off your feet?

A

2 feet

6 inches

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3
Q

what are the reservoirs that supply all rain?

A

oceans

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4
Q

how many cloud vapor drops does it take to make a raindrop?

A

1 million droplets= 1 drop of rain

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5
Q

which clouds create drizzle? rain?

A

drizzle comes from stratus clouds= small drops

rain comes from cumulus clouds = bigger drops

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6
Q

what are the measurements for classification of a drizzle vs rain?

A

2 hundredths of an inch= rain

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7
Q

why does the mountain in Hawaii get so much rain?

A

The mountain creates its OWN rain, using water from the oceans, that water travels up the side of mt (orographic lifting) and then condenses and rain is produced

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8
Q

what is verga?

A

trails of rain that evaporate when they fall

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9
Q

why do vergas occur?

A

because of dry land

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10
Q

the destructive power in water is caused by what?

A

the water’s weight

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11
Q

what are Monsumes

A

rain that lasts 6 months because land has heated up

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12
Q

when there is an anvil head cloud, what would you assume occurred?

A

thermal inversion

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13
Q

what is the fuel for thunderstorms?

A

water vapor

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14
Q

where and why do the most thunderstorms occur?

A

the Tropics

high heat and humidity there= lots of water vapor

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15
Q

what state has lightning alley?

A

Florida

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16
Q

describe the formation of thunderstorms?

A

water vapor rises, condenses into droplets, falls as rain

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17
Q

what is sheet lightning?

A

lightning INSIDE of the cloud (most common)

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18
Q

what direction does a visible lightning bolt travel?

A

from the ground to the cloud

19
Q

what other planets have lightning? Why?

A

Jupiter; the separation of charges

20
Q

what is the scale that measures hurricanes? what does it measure to?

A

Saffir Simpson

categories 1-5

21
Q

winds in hurricanes are driven by___?

A

Trade winds

22
Q

what is the minimum speed wind must reach to be considered a hurricane? why is this?

A

74 mph

this is when the hurricane matures (updrafts, downdrafts, spinning)

23
Q

why are Faraday cages safe from lightning?

A

The cage move the electricity around the people inside the cage.
the cage compresses and disperses the lightning

24
Q

What are 2 examples of real life Faraday cages?

A

airplanes and cars

25
Q

What is the one calmer spot in a hurricane?

A

The center/eye

26
Q

Hurricane is an Indian word meaning ___?

A

Big Wind

27
Q

what are hurricanes called in the (northern) pacific?

In the Australian and Indian Ocean?

A

Typhoons

Tropical Cyclone

28
Q

In the northern hemisphere, which way does a hurricane spin? why?

A

counter clockwise

because it is a low pressure system

29
Q

what is the real killing force of a hurricane?

A

the storm surge (wave of water)

30
Q

storm surges are responsible for ___% of deaths involving hurricanes

A

90%

31
Q

the ____ does not effect the classification of a hurricane

A

time on ground because they are multi day storms with flooding from the storm surge

32
Q

where do hurricanes begin?

A

Sihugo, Africa

33
Q

what are 2 ways that a hurricane dies?

A

it hits land

it goes over cold water

34
Q

at what wind speed are storms considered tropical storms? when is it named?

A

39 mph

is named at the same time

35
Q

at what speed is a tropical storm considered a hurricane?

A

74 mph

36
Q

what are 2 reasons that the number of powerful hurricanes is increasing?

A

global warming heating the oceans

multidecadal effect/ oscillation

37
Q

what is the mulitdecadal/ oscillation effect?

A

Multidecadal= when there is more intense hurricanes every 10, switching from northern to southern hemisphere each decade

38
Q

In what months do tornadoes occur most?

A

3 months- April, May, June

39
Q

what conditions are needed for tornado development?

A

warm humid air (up from the Gulf of Mexico) meets cold dry air (from north)

40
Q

what 3 states make up tornado alley?

A

Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas

41
Q

what 3 things are measured on the Enhanced Fujita scale?

A

based on time on ground
path of destruction
wind speed

42
Q

How are tornadoes measured? on what scale? what is the range?

A

Enhanced Fujita scale

EF 0-5

43
Q

what is the difference between a tornado watch and a warning?

A 
watch= conditions are right for a tornado, be aware, usually 3-6 hours in advance
warning= serious, take shelter/caution

Earth Science (23 decks)

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