Settlements Flashcards
Name the three urban zones
Inner city, suburbs, rural/urban fringe
Which zone is not an urban zone
Rural area
Describe inner city housing characteristics
High density
19th century terraced housing
60s high-rise blocks of flats
Warehouses redeveloped into luxury apartments
Describe suburban housing characteristics
20th century detached and semi-detached with gardens
Many council-owned properties closer to inner city
Privately owned properties further away from inner city
Larger homes with garages and driveways
Describe rural/urban fringe housing characteristics
Low density
High-quality
Privately owned
Higher density outer-city council estates occassionally
Describe rural area housing characteristics
Large
Privately owned
New estates privately owned
How does ethniticy change across the zones?
Inner city has high proportion of ethnic minorities, decreasing through suburbs and r/u fringe to rural area of majority white
Describe inner city age structure
Younger people
Students
Young professionals
Describe suburban age structure
Families with children
Describe rural/urban fringe age structure
Families with children
Elderly people
Describe rural area age structure
Elderly people
How does wealth change across the zones?
Generally poorest population live in inner city, with the population becoming wealthier as you reach the rural area
Describe inner city employment
High proportion of students
Unemployed, unskilled, semi-skilled
Young professionals
Describe suburban employment
Tertiary sector (services, clerical and professional) Skilled manual workers
Describe rural/urban fringe employment
Tertiary sector (services, clerical and professional) increase
Describe rural area employment
Professional and managerial sectors (doctors, lawyers and bankers)
Agricultural workers
Describe inner city provision of services
Urban decay
Derelict warehouses and industrial sites
Close to city centre (shops and services)
Describe suburban provision of services
Local shopping parades
Good transport routes to city centre
Good availability of public transport
Describe rural/urban fringe provision of services
Out-of-town shopping complexes
Airports
Recreational facilities (golf courses etc.)
Describe rural area provision of services
Village shops may close due to urban competition
Lack of public transport and facilities
Name some environmental issues that improve away from the inner city
Poor quality housing (poor living environment)
Graffiti and vandalism
Air pollution
Name some social issues that improve away from the inner city
Tension between ethnic groups
Crime rate
Unemployment (socio-economic issue)
Name some economic issues that improve away from the inner city
Industrial decline
Lack of investment
Poverty
How have population change and migration affected housing?
Migrants occupy cheap, run-down housing in inner city
Illegal settlements
Shanty town growth in developing countries
How have population change and migration affected ethnicity?
Ghetto formation
Segregation
Speciality shops
How have population change and migration affected age structure?
Ageing population in rural areas due to internal migration
Schools may close in rural areas
How have population change and migration affected wealth?
Second-home owners increase house prices in rural areas
Young professionals increase wealth of redeveloped urban areas
How have population change and migration affected employment?
Rural to urban migration increases unemployment due to lack of jobs
Shortage of workers in rural areas
How have population change and migration affected services?
Services close down in rural areas due to commuting rise
Increased need for certain services depending on age of migrants
