Settlements Flashcards
What is a Settlement Site?
This describes the land a settlement was built on
What basic needs are considered when choosing a Settlement Site?
In early times such as the iron age the first settlers had the following basic needs to consider when choosing a site.
- Water supply for drinking
- Food
- Shelter
- Fuel for fire
- Defence from attackers.
What is Settlement Hierarchy?
This is the idea that we can list different types of settlement in order from least important to most important according to their population.
What are ‘Services’?
These are things in each settlement which people can make use of.
Larger settlements with greater populations usually have more services.
Settlement Types
What is a ‘Settlement Situation’?
This describes the LOCATION of a settlement within a country.
Settlements which grow into towns and cities have a good location for Trade and Business.
Why has Glasgow grown into a large city?
- Beside the River Clyde - traders were able to export goods overseas (especially America)
- Central Location - in the middle of Scotland where many routes meet. This attracted many people to trade goods.
- Shipbuilding Industry - The river Clyde also was an ideal location for the shipbuilding industry.
- Coal and Iron - There were supplies of coal and Iron around Glasgow for use in the old factories.
What are land Use Zones?
Land Use Zones determine the layout of cities and what each area can be used for.
Land Use Zone Diagram
What is the ‘Central Business District’ (CBD)?
The city centre which has many shops and offices.
What is the ‘Inner City’?
The zone of old housing (mainly tenements) and factories much of which has been redeveloped in recent years.
Many buildings in this area were built in Victorian times (late 1800’s). These were mainly old tenement flats and old factories such as ship yards.
What is the ‘Suburbs’?
The zone of more modern housing near the edge of the city. (mainly high quality detached and semi detached with gardens)
What is the ‘Green Belt’?
A ring of countryside around the city which you are not aloud to build on. This is to stop the city growing too big and destroying the countryside.
What is ‘Urban Decay’?
In recent years, in the INNER CITY, many of the old industries have closed and the tenements have become run down. These problems are called URBAN DECAY.
What can the government do to help areas with Urban Decay?
- Renovating the old flats.
- Building new high-quality flats.
- Replacing the old factories with new businesses like Hotels, Museums and Cinemas.
This process is called URBAN RENEWAL or URBAN REGENERATION.
What is ‘Out of Town’ shopping?
The main shopping area in the city is usually the Central Business District.
However recently in Glasgow various new Out of Town shopping centres have been built nearer the edge of the city e.g. Silverburn, The Fort.
Advantages of ‘Out of Town’ shopping centres?
- Plenty of Cheap land to build on.
- More spacious comfortable shops.
- More space for free parking
- Many new jobs created.
- Easy access for cars
Disadvantages of ‘Out of Town’ shopping centres?
- Difficult for people with no cars to get there
- Countryside on the edge of the city gets destroyed.
- The CBD loses business and gets run down.
What CAUSES traffic congestion in Glasgow’s Central Business District?
- Old Narrow roads
- Most traffic on road at same time during rush hours.
- Bottleneck effect: all cars going to same place at same time.
- Growth in car ownership. (more people with cars)
What PROBLEMS does traffic congestion cause?
- Pollution
- Global warming
- Longer journey times
- Costly for businesses
What are SOLUTIONS to congestion?
- Build new roads eg M74 Extension
- Improve public transport
- New bus stops and buses
- Modernisation of Queen Street Station
- New bus Lanes / bus only streets
- New interchange at Partick
- Park and Ride schemes eg Kelvinbridge subway. - Increase parking charges.
- Improve roads with one way systems and new traffic lights.
