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Geography I Have Created Myself > Settlement > Flashcards

Settlement Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a settlement

Example

A

Where someone lives

Isolated settlement, conurbation

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2
Q

What is a site

A

The area a settlement was built on

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3
Q

What are common settlement sites decided by (6)

A

Wet point site, fresh water 💦
Defensive site, hill, inside of meander, to defend against neighbouring towns
Bridging site, to cross river, to protect
Roads
Flat land for farming
Forestry

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4
Q

What is settlement location

A

Where the settlement is compared to the things around it

Eg. A settlement may be in the middle of a large plain x km away from neighbouring villages

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5
Q

What is settlement hierarchy

What happens as you go up the hierarchy

A

(From smallest): hamlet, village, town, city 🌃

Population increases, amount decreases

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6
Q

What is… order goods and services
Low
Middle
High

A

The purchasing of goods and services on a regular basis eg. 🍼 🍞
The purchasing of goods and services on a fortnightly/ monthly basis eg. Cinema or clothes
The purchasing of goods and services very rarely eg. holidays

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7
Q

What would we find in a city (5)

A 
Cathedrals 
Bus and train 🚂 stations 
Airport
Hospital
Department stores and other shopping 
Museums etc.
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8
Q

What would you find in a hamlet (3)

A

Post box 📦
Phone box
Bus 🚌 stop

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9
Q

What does range of a product or service mean
What is the range for…
High order goods
Low order goods

A

The maximum distance someone is willing to travel to use this good or service
Big
Small

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10
Q

What is the threshold of a product or service

A

The amount of customers needed to make an entreprise successful

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11
Q

What is the sphere of influence

A

When a settlement attracts people around an area to use its goods and services

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12
Q

What is a function of a settlement

Examples

A

Refers to what the settlement does

Port, fishing, tourist,

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13
Q

What effects the sphere of influence

A

The function
Accessibility, of easier to get then may broaden sphere of influence
Competition, if there is a town and a city people would rather go to the city because it has more variety and high order goods

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14
Q

What are characteristics of the CBD

A

Old buildings eg town hall, museums, Churches, Cathedrals
Shops, offices
Not a lot of space, high demanded space= skyscrapers
Most accessible part of the city because all transport leads there

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of the inner city (7)

A 
No front garden 
Terrace housing 
Usually where the poor live and crime rate is high 
High populated density 
Sometimes student housing 
Straight roads and streets 
Dereliction
May have some hints of gentrification
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16
Q

What are the characteristics of the suburbs (6)

A

Cul-de-sacs
Front and back gardens
Low population density
Detached single family homes 🏡
Some may have light manufacturing businesses
Residential homes on outside of settlement

17
Q

What are the characteristics of the industrial zones (3)

A

Usually in the inner city as the city 🌃 has grown up around it
Usually old building with residential houses near it where employees used to work
Easy to transport eg. railways and canals

18
Q

What are the characteristics of the rural-urban fringe (6)

A

When it is not totally urbanised and not totally rural
On very outskirts of city
Usually recycling and park and ride facilities
Hospitals
Airports
Largely countryside

19
Q

What is urban sprawl

A

When the city or town spreads into the surrounding countryside.
Replacing fields with car parks, buildings and other services which endangers wildlife and prevent water soaking into the soil with can lead to floods
Large cities have problems with transport as people live on outskirts need to reach the CBD to work

20
Q

What is urbanisation

A

The increase proportion of people living in towns and cities

21
Q

What is counter urbanisation

Where is it most common to happen

A

The movement of people from cities into the countryside

MEDCs

22
Q

What are some push factor which may lead to urbanisation (4)

A

Natural disasters eg. drought, flash floods etc.
Lack of government investment in rural areas for roads etc.
Crop failure
Poor life and work quality

23
Q

Why may people be pulled towards a city causing urbanisation (5)

A 
Hospitals 
Education 
Better standards of living 
Electricity and water 
Better job pay 💰 
More jobs available
24
Q

Why might natural increase have an effect on urbanisation

A

As birth rates remain high in countryside this puts pressure on land resulting in people just moving into the cities

25
Q

Cities usually have young populations what does this suggest

A

High br = natural increase

Need of more services eg. transport, hospitals, schools etc.

Geography I Have Created Myself (5 decks)

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