Set 3 Flashcards
What is avascular necrosis of the femoral head?
- fracture of the femoral neck
- disrupt blood supply to femoral head: disrupt medial circumflex femoralartery)
What structures is the lateral collateral ligament between?
between lateral epicondyle of femur and head of fibula
What is the function of the lateral collateral ligament?
Limits extension and adduction of leg at knee
What does the patellar reflex test?
- spinal nerves L2-L4 (femoral nerve)
An ankle sprain is almost always what type of injury?
-inversion injury
-involves twisting of the weight-bearing plantarflexed
foot.
-lateral ligament (anterior talofibular ligament) is
injured because it is much weaker than the medial
ligament
What is the landmark of the gluteal region?
-the piriformis muscle
What is the action of the piriformis muscle?
suppination of the hip joint
What would inflammation of the piriformis muscle cause?
pain similar to sciatica
what are the symptoms of sciatic nerve injury?
- Weakened hip extension and knee flexion
- Footdrop (lack of dorsiflexion)
Superior gluteal nerve injury results in the paralysis of which muscles?
Gluteus Medius and Gluteus Minimus
What does paralysis of the gluteus medius and minimus result in?
Lose ability to pull the pelvis up and abduction of the thigh
If the left superior gluteal nerve is injured, which side of the pelvis falls down?
- right pelvis falls downward
- side contralateral to the nerve injury that is affected
What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?
-gluteus maximus
What is the consequence of inferior gluteal nerve injury?
- Weakened hip extension (gluteus maximus)
- climbing stairs or standing from a seated position
What are the hamstring muscles?
- Biceps femoris
- Semitendinosus
- Semimembranosus