Set 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is avascular necrosis of the femoral head?

A
  • fracture of the femoral neck

- disrupt blood supply to femoral head: disrupt medial circumflex femoralartery)

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2
Q

What structures is the lateral collateral ligament between?

A

between lateral epicondyle of femur and head of fibula

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3
Q

What is the function of the lateral collateral ligament?

A

Limits extension and adduction of leg at knee

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4
Q

What does the patellar reflex test?

A
  • spinal nerves L2-L4 (femoral nerve)
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5
Q

An ankle sprain is almost always what type of injury?

A

-inversion injury
-involves twisting of the weight-bearing plantarflexed
foot.
-lateral ligament (anterior talofibular ligament) is
injured because it is much weaker than the medial
ligament

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6
Q

What is the landmark of the gluteal region?

A

-the piriformis muscle

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7
Q

What is the action of the piriformis muscle?

A

suppination of the hip joint

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8
Q

What would inflammation of the piriformis muscle cause?

A

pain similar to sciatica

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9
Q

what are the symptoms of sciatic nerve injury?

A
  • Weakened hip extension and knee flexion

- Footdrop (lack of dorsiflexion)

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10
Q

Superior gluteal nerve injury results in the paralysis of which muscles?

A

Gluteus Medius and Gluteus Minimus

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11
Q

What does paralysis of the gluteus medius and minimus result in?

A

Lose ability to pull the pelvis up and abduction of the thigh

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12
Q

If the left superior gluteal nerve is injured, which side of the pelvis falls down?

A
  • right pelvis falls downward

- side contralateral to the nerve injury that is affected

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13
Q

What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

-gluteus maximus

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14
Q

What is the consequence of inferior gluteal nerve injury?

A
  • Weakened hip extension (gluteus maximus)

- climbing stairs or standing from a seated position

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15
Q

What are the hamstring muscles?

A
  1. Biceps femoris
  2. Semitendinosus
  3. Semimembranosus
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16
Q

Where do the hamstring muscles attach?

A

ischial tuberosity

17
Q

Where do avulsion fractures of the hip bone and hamstrings muscles occur?

A

ischial tuberosity

18
Q

What is the action of the hamstring muscles?

A

extension of hip joint and flexion of knee joint

19
Q

What is the innervation of the hamstring muscles?

A
Tibial nerve (short head of biceps femoris is supplied
by the common fibular nerve)