Set 1- Round 10-18 Flashcards by Ceira Roberts

Cartilage belongs to which of the following animal tissues
types:
W) epithelial
X) connective
Y) nervous
Z) muscle

CONNECTIVE

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Name all of the following 3 chemicals that are NOT amino acids:
glycine; methionine; adenine

ADENINE

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How many chromosomes does a normal human gamete have?

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Which of the following is most directly responsible for the
exchange of genes during meiosis:
W) crossing over
X) kinetochores division
Y) cytokinesis
Z) alleles

CROSSING OVER

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What base nucleotide is replaced by uracil in RNA

THYMINE

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What two functional groups of amino acids join to form a
peptide bond in a protein?

CARBOXYL AND AMINO

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Which of the following is the botanical term for the haploid
generation in moss plants:
W) gametophyte
X) archegonia
Y) style
Z) ovule

GAMETOPHYTE

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Name all of the following 3 organisms that belong to the
phylum Cnidaria (read as: nid-AIR-ee-ah): jellyfish; sea anemones; corals

JELLYFISH; CORALS

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What staining method is used to generally divide bacteria into
two groups?

GRAM STAIN

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Name all of the following 4 cellular structures that are found in
plant cells and NOT bacteria: mitochondria; chloroplasts; cell membranes; ribosomes

MITOCHONDRIA; CHLOROPLASTS

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Which of the following terms is MOST commonly used to
refer to the copying of DNA during the cell cycle:
W) duplication
X) replication
Y) translation
Z) complementation

REPLICATION

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What is the most common term for a random change in the
nucleotide base sequence in DNA?

MUTATION

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Which of the following is the most common long-term storage
form of energy for vertebrate animals:
W) nucleic acids
X) proteins
Y) starch
Z) lipids

LIPIDS

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What is the name for the structures in plants that regulate air
entering the plant through stems and leaves?

STOMATA

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Which of the following is a general term widely used by
scientists to indicate artificial growth of cells in the laboratory:
W) culture
X) monocell
Y) attenuate
Z) decoction

CULTURE

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Which of the following is the most common term biologists
use for the molecule that an enzyme will act on:
W) substrate
X) product
Y) producer
Z) catalyst

SUBSTRATE

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Which of the following is a protein:
W) glycerol
X) trypsin
Y) cholesterol
Z) tyrosine

TRYPSIN

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Name all of the following 4 cells of a human that are typically
haploid: skin cell; mature ovum; sperm; lymphocyte

MATURE OVUM; SPERM

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Tell whether the medusa and polyp stages of hydrozoans are
haploid or diploid, respectively?

BOTH ARE DIPLOID

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Name all of the following 4 choices that are most commonly
associated with asexual reproduction in organisms: meiosis; budding; binary fission;
fragmentation

BUDDING; BINARY FISSION; FRAGMENTATION

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Which of the following BEST describes muscle tone:
W) maximum strength of a muscle
X) length versus width of a muscle
Y) average energy use or oxygen use of a fully contracted muscle
Z) amount of tension or contraction of a resting muscle

AMOUNT OF TENSION OR CONTRACTION OF A RESTING MUSCLE

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Which of the following terms most commonly refers to nerves
leaving the brain:
W) posterior
X) rostral
Y) efferent
Z) involuntary

EFFERENT

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Into which of the following does a typical fern spore most
directly develop:
W) sporophyte
X) egg cell
Y) gametophyte
Z) sperm cell

GAMETOPHYTE

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Name all of the following 4 plants that are conifers:
pine; hemlock; palm; maple

PINE; HEMLOCK

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Which of the following is a theory of heredity postulated by Lamarck: W) characteristics acquired after birth are passed on to following generations X) nature selects for the best characteristic Y) only the fittest organisms survive through natural selection Z) genes determine the phenotype

CHARACTERISTICS ACQUIRED AFTER BIRTH ARE PASSED ON TO FOLLOWING GENERATIONS

By words or numbers, name all of the following 3 choices that are found in the E. coli bacterium: 1) mitochondria; 2) chloroplasts; 3) ribosomes

RIBOSOMES

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be found in or on a root of a flowering plant: W) stomata X) epidermis Y) xylem Z) phloem

STOMATA

What is the common name for the protective layers of cells that cover the tip of a growing root, allowing it to make its way through difficult soils?

ROOT CAP

What sugar is found in the backbone of DNA?

DEOXYRIBOSE

Name all of the following 4 trees that produce true flowers: hemlock; palm; maple; pine

PALM; MAPLE

Phylogenetic systems of classifying organisms into various groups are mostly based on: W) physical appearances X) numbers of genes Y) evolutionary history Z) environmental origins

EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY

Which of the following are homologous structures: W) wing of a bat and the arm of a human X) leg of a cat and the wing of a fly Y) stinger of a bee and the fang of a snake Z) rattler of a rattle snake and the whistle of a song bird

WING OF A BAT AND THE ARM OF A HUMAN

What human gland releases thyroid-stimulating hormone and oxytocin (read as: OX-ee-TOE-sin) into the blood?

PITUITARY

Ribosomes are made of: W) protein only X) nucleic acid only Y) nucleic acid and protein Z) nucleic acid and carbohydrate

NUCLEIC ACID AND PROTEIN

Which of the following animals are believed to be the closest living relatives to the dinosaurs: W) salamanders X) snakes Y) ostriches Z) crocodiles

CROCODILES

Order the following 4 taxonomical groups from the one with the MOST organisms to the LEAST: order; family; phylum; kingdom

KINGDOM; PHYLUM; ORDER; FAMILY

In which of the following environments would a thermophilic bacteria most likely evolve: W) Antarctic X) hot spring Y) desert Z) thermokarst

HOT SPRING

Name all of the following 4 plants that are gymnosperms: fern; ginkgo tree; pine tree; giant sequoia tree

GINKGO TREE; PINE TREE; GIANT SEQUOIA TREE

Of the 3 basic types of muscle in humans, which are considered voluntary?

SKELETAL

At the beginning of metaphase in mitosis, how many chromatids are in each chromosome?

Which of the following is most advantageous to plants that depend on insects for pollination: W) absence of rhizomes X) sticky pollen Y) small green flowers Z) numerous stomata

STICKY POLLEN

Name all of the following biological molecules that are considered polymers: glucose; cellulose; DNA; RNA

CELLULOSE; DNA; RNA

Pampas, steppes, and savannas are all different types of: W) deserts X) tropical forests Y) tropical shrublands Z) grasslands

GRASSLANDS

Which of the following biomes takes up more square area of the world than any other biome: W) rainforest X) savanna Y) taiga Z) tundra

TAIGA

Which of the following is the most likely highest power for an objective lens on a typical student compound light microscope: W) 25-times X) 100-times Y) 500-times Z) 1500-times

100-TIMES

Order the following 4 parts of the human intestine from the FIRST to receive food from the stomach to the LAST: colon; duodenum; ileum; jejunum

DUODENUM; JEJUNUM; ILEUM; COLON

The presence of which of the following is the most important characteristic that allows xylem to function in plants: W) plastids and chloroplasts X) strong thick walls Y) large fluid-filled vacuoles Z) nuclei and endoplasmic reticulum

STRONG THICK WALLS

What natural plant hormone is most directly involved in controlling phototropism?

AUXIN

Name all of the following 3 types of molecules that are generally soluble in water: simple sugars; mRNA; lipids

SIMPLE SUGARS; mRNA

Lipids will dissolve best in which of the following: W) 3% salt water X) milk Y) distilled water Z) chloroform

CHLOROFORM

Which of the following statements is NOT true: W) all living things require energy except in some states of dormancy X) energy is transformed from one state to another in living things Y) the laws of thermodynamics do not apply to living things Z) enzymes allow certain reactions to occur at faster rates than without them

THE LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS DO NOT APPLY TO LIVING THINGS

During which of the following embryonic stages of a human are all 3 germ layers formed: W) zygote X) blastula Y) gastrula Z) morula

GASTRULA

Which of the following do all chordates possess at some time in their lives: W) gill slits X) radula Y) book lungs Z) exoskeleton

GILL SLITS

In certain diseases, red blood cells are damaged and destroyed in massive numbers. What organ will often enlarge under these circumstances and be central in the removal of the abnormal red blood cells and their breakdown products?

SPLEEN

Name all of the following 4 molecules that serve as neurotransmitters in vertebrates: adrenaline; dopamine; serotonin; sphingosine (read as: SFINGgo-seen)

ADRENALINE; DOPAMINE; SEROTONIN

What is the most common term used to describe a hydrocarbon chain that has all single bonds between carbons?

SATURATED

Which of the following does NOT occur in mitosis: W) synapsis of chromosomes X) chromosomes line up at metaphase Y) nuclear membrane dissolves Z) sister chromatids separate

SYNAPSIS OF CHROMOSOMES

If a normal human lymphocyte underwent mitosis but NOT cytokinesis, how many chromosomes would the cell have?

The structure of proteins is classified from primary through quaternary levels. Which level is determined by the sequence of its amino acids?

PRIMARY

Name all of the following 4 structures that are composed mostly of keratin: bird’s beak; snake teeth; human fingernail; mammalian fur

BIRD’S BEAK; HUMAN FINGERNAIL; MAMMALIAN FUR