Physics- Set 3 & 4 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the scientific term for a change in velocity per unit time?
A
ACCELERATION
2
Q
What is the most common term in physics for the product of mass
times velocity?
A
MOMENTUM
3
Q
The amplitude of a sound wave most closely relates to its:
W) frequency
X) wavelength
Y) loudness
Z) overtones
A
Y) LOUDNESS
4
Q
What property of a sound wave most directly determines the pitch of a
violin’s note?
A
FREQUENCY
5
Q
Which of the following is the most common term for the general
type of wave that results from the vibration of a physical medium:
W) mechanical
X) electromagnetic
Y) perfect
Z) pulsed
A
W) MECHANICAL
6
Q
Which of the following is LEAST accurate:
W) alpha particles are the same as helium nuclei
X) polarization of light supports the particle behavior of light
Y) a photon is a particle of light
Z) light slows down when it moves from a vacuum into glass
A
X) POLARIZATION OF LIGHT SUPPORTS THE PARTICLE BEHAVIOR OF
LIGHT
7
Q
A circuit with 2 different resistors wired in series will have a total
resistance that is:
W) equal to the sum of the two resistances
X) less than either resistance
Y) equal to that of the greater resistance
Z) equal to that of the lesser resistance
A
W) EQUAL TO THE SUM OF THE TWO RESISTANCES
8
Q
What is the most common isotope of carbon?
A
CARBON-12
9
Q
If a car is going around a corner, which of the following statements
correctly describes the relationship among the speeds of the wheels on the car:
W) the wheels all rotate at the same speed
X) the wheels on the inside of the corner rotate faster because they have less distance to travel
Y) the wheels on the inside of the corner rotate faster because they have more distance to travel
Z) the wheels on the outside of the corner rotate faster because they have more distance to travel
A
Z) THE WHEELS ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE CORNER ROTATE FASTER
BECAUSE THEY HAVE MORE DISTANCE TO TRAVEL
10
Q
How many kilometers will a mosquito travel in 9.5 hours if it moves in
a straight path with an average speed of 8 kilometers per hour?
A
76
11
Q
Which of the following is the SI unit for the product of newtons and
meters:
W) henry
X) watt
Y) erg
Z) joule
A
Z) JOULE
12
Q
In a gearing arrangement where a 10-tooth pinion drives a 40-tooth
gear, what is the gear ratio:
W) 1 to 4
X) 4 to 1
Y) 1 to 10
Z) 40 to 1
A
X) 4 TO 1
13
Q
Giving your answer as north, south, east, or west relative to a point on
the Equator, in what direction is the Earth’s angular velocity as it rotates daily about its axis?
A
NORTH
14
Q
Ignoring air resistance, wind velocity, and the rotation of the Earth,
if a projectile is fired directly upwards, the horizontal component of the projectile’s velocity:
W) is zero
X) remains a non zero constant
Y) continuously increases
Z) continuously decreases
A
W) IS ZERO
15
Q
Neglecting air resistance, at what angle above the horizontal would
you aim your garden hose nozzle to obtain the greatest horizontal distance if the nozzle is at ground
level:
W) 0º
X) 30º
Y) 45º
Z) 60º
A
Y) 45º
16
Q
Tim hears water dripping from a faucet while trying to take a nap. If
he counts 20 drops in one minute, what is the period of the drops, in seconds?
A
3
17
Q
What is the SI unit given to a volt per ampere?
A
OHM
18
Q
What is the current, in amperes, for a 3600-watt electric conveyor
operating on a 240-volt power source?
A
15
19
Q
The slope of a velocity versus time graph represents:
W) acceleration
X) velocity
Y) position
Z) displacement
A
W) ACCELERATION
20
Q
Stories have been told about opera singers breaking crystal glass by
singing a certain tone loud enough. What is the most common term for the property that would
account for this happening?
A
RESONANCE
21
Q
Under which of the following conditions is the average velocity
equal to the average of an object’s initial and final velocity:
W) always
X) never
Y) only when the acceleration changes
Z) only when the acceleration is constant
A
Z) ONLY WHEN THE ACCELERATION IS CONSTANT
22
Q
What is the wavelength, in meters, of a sound wave that has a
frequency of 600 hertz and a speed in a certain medium of 360 meters per second?
A
0.6
23
Q
The area under the curve of a velocity versus time graph
represents:
W) acceleration
X) velocity
Y) displacement
Z) position
A
Y) DISPLACEMENT
24
Q
Which of the following is NOT true:
W) a spring scale can be used to indirectly measure acceleration
X) momentum is a vector
Y) impulse is a vector
Z) a change in direction of an object’s motion cannot affect its momentum
A
Z) A CHANGE IN DIRECTION OF AN OBJECT’S MOTION CANNOT AFFECT
ITS MOMENTUM
25
What is the mass, in kilograms, of a 5-kilogram rock on a planet with
a gravitational acceleration one-half that of the Earth’s?
5
26
What is the specific gravity, to the first decimal place, of a cubic foot
of metal that has a density of 188 pounds per cubic foot if water has a density of 62.4 pounds per
cubic foot?
3.0
27
For a given time interval, when is the average velocity of an object
equal to the instantaneous velocity for every time in the interval:
W) never
X) always
Y) only when the velocity is changing at a constant rate
Z) only when the velocity is constant
Z) ONLY WHEN THE VELOCITY IS CONSTANT
28
In a tug-of-war, each person on a team pulls with an average force
of 500 newtons. What is the tension in the center of the rope if there are 10-man teams on each side:
W) 0 newtons
X) 2,500 newtons
Y) 5,000 newtons
Z) 10,000 newtons
Y) 5,000 NEWTONS
29
What are typically given as the two parameters of a velocity vector?
MAGNITUDE AND DIRECTION
30
Which of the following conditions must be true for Hooke’s law to
apply:
W) the spring must be within its proportional elastic limit
X) the spring must me made of cold formed steel coils
Y) the deflection of the spring must be less than one tenth the spring’s free length
Z) the carbon content of the metal must be over 0.023 percent
W) THE SPRING MUST BE WITHIN ITS PROPORTIONAL ELASTIC LIMIT
31
Which one of the following 5 colors of light has the LEAST angle of
refraction in normal glass: blue; green; orange; yellow; red
RED
32
For a standing wave on a guitar string, the first overtone represents
what harmonic?
SECOND
33
At normal operating speed for a motor vehicle, how many times as
much kinetic energy does a car have if its velocity is doubled?
4 TIMES
34
Relative to the floor, what is the gravitational potential energy, in
joules, of a 25-newton bag of beans on a shelf 5 meters above the floor?
125
35
What color of light is produced when equal intensities of cyan light
and red light are combined?
WHITE
36
What is the resistance, in ohms, for an electric stove that draws 24
amps on a 240-volt circuit?
10
37
Which of the following colors of light would give the highest
resolving power of a compound light microscope:
W) infrared
X) orange
Y) green
Z) ultraviolet
Z) ULTRAVIOLET
38
If Jim expends 200 watts of power to vertically lift a 200-newton rock
3 meters high, how many seconds did it take him to lift the boulder?
3
39
Which of the following is NOT a composite material:
W) bone
X) plywood
Y) wood
Z) mild steel
Z) MILD STEEL
40
If a 5,000-pound elephant is on one end of a plank at a distance of 5
feet from the pivot point and a 200-pound man is on the other end at a distance of 15 feet from the
pivot, what will the available torque be, in foot-pounds, at the pivot while the plank is in motion?
22,000
41
In an application where ductility is required, which of the
following materials would be your BEST choice:
W) grey cast iron
X) copper
Y) granite
Z) 1040 steel
X) COPPER
42
Which of the following statements is NOT correct:
W) percent elongation compared to the known value for a material is sometimes used to detect
impurities in metal
X) the modulus of elasticity for a material is derived from its stress-strain curve
Y) ductile materials usually fail with little or no plastic deformation
Z) a steel sample that is loaded beyond its elastic limit will not return to its original shape when the
load is removed
Y) DUCTILE MATERIALS USUALLY FAIL WITH LITTLE OR NO PLASTIC
DEFORMATION
43
Which of the following have largely replaced vacuum tubes that
were used in electronics of the mid to later 20th century:
W) capacitors
X) transformers
Y) transistors
Z) amplifiers
Y) TRANSISTORS
44
Which of the following is NOT true of uranium:
W) it is very dense
X) all isotopes are radioactive
Y) uranium is sometimes used in counterweights in yacht keels
Z) there are only 3 isotopes of uranium
Z) THERE ARE ONLY 3 ISOTOPES OF URANIUM
45
What is the resulting electrical potential, in volts, when a charge of 12
coulombs is applied to a 1 farad capacitor?
12
46
Which of the following is NOT true:
W) the magnetic field associated with the current on a straight long wire is inversely proportional to
the distance from the wire
X) Kirchhoff’s first rule has to do with the accounting of total charges entering and leaving a
junction per unit time
Y) superconducting quantum interference devices, or SQUID’s, are based on the Josephson Effect
Z) resistance and voltage are the two most common parameters used to characterize a resistor
Z) RESISTANCE AND VOLTAGE ARE THE TWO MOST COMMON
PARAMETERS USED TO CHARACTERIZE A RESISTOR
47
Which of the following is the strongest spectral line in the visible
region of the hydrogen spectrum:
W) red Balmer line
X) orange Lyman line
Y) green Paschen line
Z) blue Brackett line
W) RED BALMER LINE
48
Which of the following has the highest vapor pressure at standard
temperature and pressure:
W) mercury
X) ethyl alcohol
Y) methyl alcohol
Z) acetone
Z) ACETONE
49
If 1000 pounds is applied to a spring with spring constant of 100
pounds per inch on top of a hydraulic piston, how many pounds of force is transferred to the piston:
W) 1,000
X) 900
Y) 100
Z) zero
W) 1,000
50
If the atomic mass of carbon-12 is exactly 12 atomic mass units,
why is the atomic mass of carbon not exactly 12 when listed on the Periodic Table:
W) the mass deficit
X) neutrons are not the same mass as protons
Y) it adds the mass of the electrons
Z) the presence in nature of about 1.1% carbon-13
Z) THE PRESENCE IN NATURE OF ABOUT 1.1% CARBON-13
51
How many nodes are there in the first overtone in a standing wave of
a vibrating guitar string?
3
52
If g = 9.8 meters per second squared, to the first decimal place and in
newtons, how many newtons of force are required to keep a 500 kilogram slab of granite moving
across a horizontal surface at constant speed if there is a kinetic frictional coefficient of 0.10
between the surface and the slab?
490
53
Astrophysicists, when referring to interstellar gases, typically use
the Roman numeral I to indicate that an atom is:
W) singly ionized
X) doubly ionized
Y) contains one proton
Z) neutral
Z) NEUTRAL
54
A draft horse has a hoof print of 50 square inches per hoof. If the
horse weighs 1,400 pounds, what is the pressure it exerts, in pounds per square inch, on the ground
when all its hooves equally distribute its weight on the ground?
7
55
In the ray approximation in optics, which of the following is NOT
true for a converging lens:
W) a ray parallel to the optical axis passes through the focus
X) a ray passing through the center of the lens is bent parallel to the optical axis
Y) an object at infinity is imaged at the focus
Z) a ray passing through the focus is bent parallel to the optical axis
X) A RAY PASSING THROUGH THE CENTER OF THE LENS IS BENT
PARALLEL TO THE OPTICAL AXIS
56
Which of the following is NOT true:
W) electrical utilities deliver electricity over long distances at high voltages to reduce power loss
X) in typical modern vacuum tubes, the cathode supplies the electrons
Y) Faraday’s law of induction is a general guide for induction of EMF with a magnetic field
Z) a typical voltmeter can be used to reliably test how much life is left in a double-A battery
Z) A TYPICAL VOLTMETER CAN BE USED TO RELIABLY TEST HOW MUCH
LIFE IS LEFT IN A DOUBLE-A BATTERY
57
Huygen’s principle can be used to most directly derive which of
the following:
W) the speed of light
X) the law of diffraction
Y) the laws of reflection and refraction
Z) Fermat’s Principle
Y) THE LAWS OF REFLECTION AND REFRACTION
58
When utilizing dissimilar metals in a device that operates over a
large temperature range, which of the following factors is most important to consider in determining
internal stresses:
W) ductility
X) hardenability
Y) conductivity
Z) coefficients of thermal expansion
Z) COEFFICIENTS OF THERMAL EXPANSION
59
How many times as intense is 60 decibels than 30 decibels?
1,000
60
What is the minimal force, in newtons to the first decimal place, that a
mother must exert to vertically lift her 4 kilogram baby out of her play pen?
39.2
61
If a particle moves from a position of x = 5 meters out to x = 200
meters and back again to x = 5 meters, what is its displacement in meters?
0
62
What are the two features of displacement?
MAGNITUDE AND DIRECTION
63
Which of the following choices is NOT an example of a rigid
body?
W) Slinky
X) Wheel
Y) Pool ball
Z) CD
W) SLINKY
64
Which of the following are transmitted by electromagnetic waves:
1) radio, 2) television, 3) Rayleigh, or 4) P-waves?
RADIO, TELEVISION
65
If a car is accelerating along a road, the force acting on the car
that causes it to move forward is the reaction force from the car pushing on the ground. What is
this reaction force due to?
FRICTION BETWEEN THE TIRE AND THE GROUND
66
If a car is accelerating along a road, what force due to the air does
the frictional force have to oppose?
DRAG
67
What are the two forms of electrical current?
ALTERNATING AND DIRECT CURRENT
68
Which of the following is the most common method of producing
alternating current?
W) Circuits varying from parallel to series
X) Switches automatically turning on and off
Y) Turbines rotating backwards and forwards
Z) Magnets spinning in a coil of wire
Z) MAGNETS SPINNING IN A COIL OF WIRE
69
What causes low-pressure weather systems, such as tropical
cyclones, to spin counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern
Hemisphere?
CORIOLIS EFFECT
70
Billions of tiny ice crystals rub together to produce electron
imbalances within storm clouds. What do we see when electrons arc to another cloud or to the
ground?
LIGHTNING
71
What is the term that describes the separation of visible light into
its component colors by a prism?
DISPERSION
72
Which of the following colors of light has the most energy?
W) Yellow
X) Red
Y) Green
Z) Violet
Z) VIOLET
73
A child is holding a string with a yo-yo dangling at the bottom of
it. As the child yanks the string up, the tension in the string will:
W) Decrease
X) Increase
Y) Stay the same
Z) Become negative
X) INCREASE
74
When a girl wearing roller blades throws a ball in front of her, she
slides backwards. Her movement is an illustration of which of Newton’s Laws of Motion?
THIRD
75
Providing your answer to the nearest degree, what is absolute
zero in degrees Celsius?
-273 DEGREES CELSIUS
76
When air in a closed system is heated, what does it do?
EXPANDS
77
Which of the following is TRUE of a sound wave traveling in dry
air at STP at a constant velocity:
W) if frequency increases, wavelength increases
X) if frequency increases, wavelength decreases
Y) if frequency decreases, wavelength decreases
Z) if frequency increases, wavelength stays the same
X) IF FREQUENCY INCREASES, WAVELENGTH DECREASES
78
Which of the following is the most common instrument used for
measuring gas pressure:
W) manometer
X) anemometer
Y) tensitometer
Z) flow-meter
W) MANOMETER
79
What particle of an atom is most directly responsible for the emission
of light when an atom is excited by electromagnetic radiation?
ELECTRON
80
What is the wavelength, in meters, of a wave moving at 500 meters
per second if its frequency is 20 Hertz?
25
81
How many neutrons does the most common isotope of hydrogen
have?
ZERO
82
How many neutrons and how many protons are present in a single
oxygen-15 nucleus, respectively?
NEUTRONS = 7; PROTONS = 8
83
Jan is riding her bike northward on Main Street at 20 kilometers per
hour and applies her brakes. In what direction would a physicist MOST likely record her
acceleration?
SOUTH
84
If 200 coulombs pass through a wire in 0.5 seconds, what is the
average current, in amps, passing through the wire?
400
85
When we measure the distance traveled by an object moving
from one point to another, which of the following is always true?
W) Magnitude of displacement is greater than or equal to distance
X) Magnitude of displacement equals distance
Y) Magnitude of displacement is greater than distance
Z) Magnitude of displacement is less than or equal to distance
Z) MAGNITUDE OF DISPLACEMENT LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO DISTANCE
86
José and Rosie were spelunking in the caves in the Black Hills of
South Dakota. They crawled through a multitude of passages, traveling a net 3 kilometers
westward, 4 kilometers south, and 50 meters up. What was magnitude of their overall
displacement to the nearest kilometer?
5
87
The Lorentz force acting on a particle moving in electric and
magnetic fields depends on what two characteristics of the particle?
CHARGE AND VELOCITY
88
The interior light in a car is left on for three hours. The light draws 1
ampere from the battery. How many coulombs flowed through the light?
10,800
89
Lynne is standing still on a sidewalk. What is the name of the
concept which describes why the siren of an approaching fire truck has a higher frequency than
that of a fire truck that is stopped?
DOPPLER SHIFT
90
Which theory attempts to unify physics by producing all known
forces and particles as different vibrations of a single substance?
STRING THEORY
91
Which of the following is NOT a challenge in using nuclear
fusion as a controlled generator of power?
W) The fuels needed for fusion reactions are expensive and difficult to find
X) Containing the reaction once it has started is difficult
Y) Materials used to contain fusion reactions are affected by the high radiation levels
Z) Extremely high temperatures are needed to start the reaction
W) THE FUELS NEEDED FOR FUSION REACTIONS ARE EXPENSIVE AND
DIFFICULT TO FIND
92
Which of the following most commonly functions to limit current to
one direction:
W) capacitor
X) transformer
Y) resistor
Z) diode
Z) DIODE
93
Debbie pushes a 10-kilogram box of books with a horizontal force of
500 newtons. What is the acceleration of the box, giving your answer in standard SI units, if friction
is neglected?
50 METERS PER SECOND SQUARED
94
By words or numbers, name all of the following 4 choices that are
TRUE for an object moving at a constant speed:
1) it must have a constant velocity
2) it must be constantly moving in the same direction
3) it can be accelerating
4) it must have a constant weight
3) IT CAN BE ACCELERATING
95
How many joules are in a single watt-hour?
3,600
96
What is the electric charge and mass of the carrier particle for the
electromagnetic force?
BOTH ARE ZERO
97
If the intensity of a sound is 10,000 times as loud as another sound,
by how many decibels do the two sounds differ?
40
98
A freely falling object has a constant acceleration of 9.8 meters
per second squared. Which of the following is correct?
W) The object’s displacement changes by 9.8 meters every second squared
X) The object’s acceleration increases by 9.8 meters per second squared each second
Y) The object travels 9.8 meters each second
Z) The object’s speed increases by 9.8 meters per second each second
Z) THE OBJECT’S SPEED INCREASES BY 9.8 METERS PER SECOND EACH
SECOND
99
The mass of a raindrop is 4 milligrams. Which of the following
represents the correct mass in grams of the raindrop?
W) 4 × 10^-3
X) 4 × 10^-1
Y) 4 × 10^3
Z) 4 × 10^6
W) 4 × 10^-3
100
A poorly designed fishing bob does not float in a sucrose
solution. Which of the following actions could be taken so the fishing bob would float?
W) Increase the volume of the solution
X) Decrease the volume of the solution
Y) Increase the concentration of the solution
Z) Decrease the concentration of the solution
Y) INCREASE THE CONCENTRATION OF THE SOLUTION
101
Water tank A has width W1 and tank B has width W2, where W1
> W2. The two water tanks are the same height, H. If both tanks are completely filled with
water, which of the following is true about the water pressure at the bottom of the tank?
W) Pressure cannot be determined
X) The pressure is greater in tank A
Y) The pressure is greater in tank B
Z) Both tanks have the same pressure
Z) BOTH TANKS HAVE THE SAME PRESSURE
102
Which of the following describes an electromagnet?
W) Straight wire carrying a current
X) Current-carrying wire wrapped around a core
Y) Permanent bar magnet
Z) Rock that is iron attracting
X) CURRENT-CARRYING WIRE WRAPPED AROUND A CORE
103
A voltage difference of 10 volts delivers how much power, in
watts, to a 1-ohm resistor?
100
104
What type of collision occurs when two objects collide and stick
together?
W) Partially elastic
X) Perfectly elastic
Y) Partially inelastic
Z) Perfectly inelastic
Z) PERFECTLY INELASTIC
105
For all collisions, all of the following properties are conserved
except:
W) Total mass
X) Center of mass
Y) Kinetic energy
Z) Momentum
Y) KINETIC ENERGY
106
Which of the following is the device in a galvanic cell that
completes the electric circuit by connecting the two sides of the cell with an inert electrolyte:
W) electrolytic reservoir
X) cathode
Y) conducting wire
Z) salt bridge
Z) SALT BRIDGE
107
Radon is primarily produced naturally on Earth most directly from the
decay of what element?
RADIUM
108
What is the process by which nuclear fission produces energy?
W) Combining lighter nuclei into heavier nuclei
X) Increasing the number of protons a nucleus contains
Y) Changing an electron's spin state following excitation
Z) Splitting heavier nuclei into lighter nuclei
Z) SPLITTING HEAVIER NUCLEI INTO LIGHTER NUCLEI
