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Science Bowl > Set 1- Round 10-18 > Flashcards

Set 1- Round 10-18 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cartilage belongs to which of the following animal tissues
types:
W) epithelial
X) connective
Y) nervous
Z) muscle

A

CONNECTIVE

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2
Q

Name all of the following 3 chemicals that are NOT amino acids:
glycine; methionine; adenine

A

ADENINE

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3
Q

How many chromosomes does a normal human gamete have?

A

23

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4
Q

Which of the following is most directly responsible for the
exchange of genes during meiosis:
W) crossing over
X) kinetochores division
Y) cytokinesis
Z) alleles

A

CROSSING OVER

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5
Q

What base nucleotide is replaced by uracil in RNA

A

THYMINE

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6
Q

What two functional groups of amino acids join to form a
peptide bond in a protein?

A

CARBOXYL AND AMINO

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7
Q

Which of the following is the botanical term for the haploid
generation in moss plants:
W) gametophyte
X) archegonia
Y) style
Z) ovule

A

GAMETOPHYTE

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8
Q

Name all of the following 3 organisms that belong to the
phylum Cnidaria (read as: nid-AIR-ee-ah): jellyfish; sea anemones; corals

A

JELLYFISH; CORALS

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9
Q

What staining method is used to generally divide bacteria into
two groups?

A

GRAM STAIN

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10
Q

Name all of the following 4 cellular structures that are found in
plant cells and NOT bacteria: mitochondria; chloroplasts; cell membranes; ribosomes

A

MITOCHONDRIA; CHLOROPLASTS

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11
Q

Which of the following terms is MOST commonly used to
refer to the copying of DNA during the cell cycle:
W) duplication
X) replication
Y) translation
Z) complementation

A

REPLICATION

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12
Q

What is the most common term for a random change in the
nucleotide base sequence in DNA?

A

MUTATION

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13
Q

Which of the following is the most common long-term storage
form of energy for vertebrate animals:
W) nucleic acids
X) proteins
Y) starch
Z) lipids

A

LIPIDS

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14
Q

What is the name for the structures in plants that regulate air
entering the plant through stems and leaves?

A

STOMATA

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15
Q

Which of the following is a general term widely used by
scientists to indicate artificial growth of cells in the laboratory:
W) culture
X) monocell
Y) attenuate
Z) decoction

A

CULTURE

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16
Q

Which of the following is the most common term biologists
use for the molecule that an enzyme will act on:
W) substrate
X) product
Y) producer
Z) catalyst

A

SUBSTRATE

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17
Q

Which of the following is a protein:
W) glycerol
X) trypsin
Y) cholesterol
Z) tyrosine

A

TRYPSIN

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18
Q

Name all of the following 4 cells of a human that are typically
haploid: skin cell; mature ovum; sperm; lymphocyte

A

MATURE OVUM; SPERM

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19
Q

Tell whether the medusa and polyp stages of hydrozoans are
haploid or diploid, respectively?

A

BOTH ARE DIPLOID

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20
Q

Name all of the following 4 choices that are most commonly
associated with asexual reproduction in organisms: meiosis; budding; binary fission;
fragmentation

A

BUDDING; BINARY FISSION; FRAGMENTATION

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21
Q

Which of the following BEST describes muscle tone:
W) maximum strength of a muscle
X) length versus width of a muscle
Y) average energy use or oxygen use of a fully contracted muscle
Z) amount of tension or contraction of a resting muscle

A

AMOUNT OF TENSION OR CONTRACTION OF A RESTING MUSCLE

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22
Q

Which of the following terms most commonly refers to nerves
leaving the brain:
W) posterior
X) rostral
Y) efferent
Z) involuntary

A

EFFERENT

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23
Q

Into which of the following does a typical fern spore most
directly develop:
W) sporophyte
X) egg cell
Y) gametophyte
Z) sperm cell

A

GAMETOPHYTE

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24
Q

Name all of the following 4 plants that are conifers:
pine; hemlock; palm; maple

A

PINE; HEMLOCK

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25
Q

Which of the following is a theory of heredity postulated by
Lamarck:
W) characteristics acquired after birth are passed on to following generations
X) nature selects for the best characteristic
Y) only the fittest organisms survive through natural selection
Z) genes determine the phenotype

A

CHARACTERISTICS ACQUIRED AFTER BIRTH ARE PASSED ON TO
FOLLOWING GENERATIONS

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26
Q

By words or numbers, name all of the following 3 choices that
are found in the E. coli bacterium: 1) mitochondria; 2) chloroplasts; 3) ribosomes

A

RIBOSOMES

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27
Q

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be found in or on
a root of a flowering plant:
W) stomata
X) epidermis
Y) xylem
Z) phloem

A

STOMATA

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28
Q

What is the common name for the protective layers of cells that
cover the tip of a growing root, allowing it to make its way through difficult soils?

A

ROOT CAP

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29
Q

What sugar is found in the backbone of DNA?

A

DEOXYRIBOSE

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30
Q

Name all of the following 4 trees that produce true flowers:
hemlock; palm; maple; pine

A

PALM; MAPLE

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31
Q

Phylogenetic systems of classifying organisms into various
groups are mostly based on:
W) physical appearances
X) numbers of genes
Y) evolutionary history
Z) environmental origins

A

EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY

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32
Q

Which of the following are homologous structures:
W) wing of a bat and the arm of a human
X) leg of a cat and the wing of a fly
Y) stinger of a bee and the fang of a snake
Z) rattler of a rattle snake and the whistle of a song bird

A

WING OF A BAT AND THE ARM OF A HUMAN

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33
Q

What human gland releases thyroid-stimulating hormone and
oxytocin (read as: OX-ee-TOE-sin) into the blood?

A

PITUITARY

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34
Q

Ribosomes are made of:
W) protein only
X) nucleic acid only
Y) nucleic acid and protein
Z) nucleic acid and carbohydrate

A

NUCLEIC ACID AND PROTEIN

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35
Q

Which of the following animals are believed to be the closest
living relatives to the dinosaurs:
W) salamanders
X) snakes
Y) ostriches
Z) crocodiles

A

CROCODILES

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36
Q

Order the following 4 taxonomical groups from the one with the
MOST organisms to the LEAST: order; family; phylum; kingdom

A

KINGDOM; PHYLUM; ORDER; FAMILY

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37
Q

In which of the following environments would a
thermophilic bacteria most likely evolve:
W) Antarctic
X) hot spring
Y) desert
Z) thermokarst

A

HOT SPRING

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38
Q

Name all of the following 4 plants that are gymnosperms: fern;
ginkgo tree; pine tree; giant sequoia tree

A

GINKGO TREE; PINE TREE; GIANT SEQUOIA TREE

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39
Q

Of the 3 basic types of muscle in humans, which are considered
voluntary?

A

SKELETAL

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40
Q

At the beginning of metaphase in mitosis, how many
chromatids are in each chromosome?

A

2

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41
Q

Which of the following is most advantageous to plants that
depend on insects for pollination:
W) absence of rhizomes
X) sticky pollen
Y) small green flowers
Z) numerous stomata

A

STICKY POLLEN

42
Q

Name all of the following biological molecules that are
considered polymers: glucose; cellulose; DNA; RNA

A

CELLULOSE; DNA; RNA

43
Q

Pampas, steppes, and savannas are all different types of:
W) deserts
X) tropical forests
Y) tropical shrublands
Z) grasslands

A

GRASSLANDS

44
Q

Which of the following biomes takes up more square area of
the world than any other biome:
W) rainforest
X) savanna
Y) taiga
Z) tundra

A

TAIGA

45
Q

Which of the following is the most likely highest power for
an objective lens on a typical student compound light microscope:
W) 25-times
X) 100-times
Y) 500-times
Z) 1500-times

A

100-TIMES

46
Q

Order the following 4 parts of the human intestine from the
FIRST to receive food from the stomach to the LAST: colon; duodenum; ileum; jejunum

A

DUODENUM; JEJUNUM; ILEUM; COLON

47
Q

The presence of which of the following is the most important
characteristic that allows xylem to function in plants:
W) plastids and chloroplasts
X) strong thick walls
Y) large fluid-filled vacuoles
Z) nuclei and endoplasmic reticulum

A

STRONG THICK WALLS

48
Q

Name all of the following 4 structures that are composed mostly
of keratin: bird’s beak; snake teeth; human fingernail; mammalian fur

A

BIRD’S BEAK; HUMAN FINGERNAIL; MAMMALIAN FUR

48
Q

What natural plant hormone is most directly involved in
controlling phototropism?

A

AUXIN

49
Q

Name all of the following 3 types of molecules that are
generally soluble in water: simple sugars; mRNA; lipids

A

SIMPLE SUGARS; mRNA

50
Q

Lipids will dissolve best in which of the following:
W) 3% salt water
X) milk
Y) distilled water
Z) chloroform

A

CHLOROFORM

51
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT true:
W) all living things require energy except in some states of dormancy
X) energy is transformed from one state to another in living things
Y) the laws of thermodynamics do not apply to living things
Z) enzymes allow certain reactions to occur at faster rates than without them

A

THE LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS DO NOT APPLY TO LIVING THINGS

52
Q

During which of the following embryonic stages of a human
are all 3 germ layers formed:
W) zygote
X) blastula
Y) gastrula
Z) morula

A

GASTRULA

53
Q

Which of the following do all chordates possess at some time
in their lives:
W) gill slits
X) radula
Y) book lungs
Z) exoskeleton

A

GILL SLITS

54
Q

In certain diseases, red blood cells are damaged and destroyed
in massive numbers. What organ will often enlarge under these circumstances and be central in the
removal of the abnormal red blood cells and their breakdown products?

A

SPLEEN

55
Q

Name all of the following 4 molecules that serve as
neurotransmitters in vertebrates: adrenaline; dopamine; serotonin; sphingosine (read as: SFINGgo-seen)

A

ADRENALINE; DOPAMINE; SEROTONIN

56
Q

What is the most common term used to describe a hydrocarbon
chain that has all single bonds between carbons?

A

SATURATED

57
Q

Which of the following does NOT occur in mitosis:
W) synapsis of chromosomes
X) chromosomes line up at metaphase
Y) nuclear membrane dissolves
Z) sister chromatids separate

A

SYNAPSIS OF CHROMOSOMES

58
Q

If a normal human lymphocyte underwent mitosis but NOT
cytokinesis, how many chromosomes would the cell have?

A

92

59
Q

The structure of proteins is classified from primary through
quaternary levels. Which level is determined by the sequence of its amino acids?

A

PRIMARY

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Science Bowl (2 decks)

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