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Science Bowl > Set 1- Round 1-9 > Flashcards

Set 1- Round 1-9 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What organelle functions to isolate a human cell’s chromosomes
from the cytoplasm?

A

NUCLEUS

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2
Q

What is the primary oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood
cells?

A

HEMOGLOBIN

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3
Q

What physical state of matter is intermediate between a
solid and gas?

A

LIQUID

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4
Q

Which of the following BEST describes the term static:

A

STATIONARY

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5
Q

What is the general name for the rising and falling of sea
levels in response to the forces exerted by the Moon and Sun?

A

TIDES

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6
Q

Approximately what fraction of Earth’s surface is covered
by oceans:

A

SEVEN-TENTHS

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7
Q

How many degrees are in one-third of a right angle?

A

30

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8
Q

Round the number 535,279 to the nearest ten-thousand:

A

540,000

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9
Q

The number 4.56 × 10^11 has how many zeroes?

A

9

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10
Q

Giving your answer in grams, subtract 200 grams from 6.2
kilograms:

A

6,000 (ACCEPT: 6 × 10^3)

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11
Q

How many permanent teeth does a typical adult human have?

A

32

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12
Q

How many canine teeth does the typical human adult have?

A

4

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13
Q

Mary tried to lift her couch by exerting 500 newtons of
force but it doesn’t budge. If the couch weighed 2,000 newtons, how much work did she do:

A

0

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14
Q

Jeff walks west in a straight path for 100 meters and then
east in a straight path for 150 meters. What is the magnitude of his displacement, in meters?

A

50

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15
Q

The hydrologic cycle describes the circulation of Earth’s:

A

WATER

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16
Q

What is the name of the rock that makes up most of the ocean
floor and volcanic ocean islands?

A

BASALT

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17
Q

In a right triangle, what is the name for the side opposite the 90º angle?

A

HYPOTENUSE

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18
Q

Rounded to the nearest meter, find the length of the hypotenuse of a right
triangle if the legs measure 5 and 12 meters?

A

13

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19
Q

What is the SI base unit for length?

A

METER

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20
Q

Name all of the following 3 choices that are
measurements units for speed: mach; newton; knots

A

MACH; KNOTS

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21
Q

Most of the heart is composed of which of the following
types of tissues:

A

MUSCLE

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22
Q

In the taxonomical name Homo sapiens, what taxonomical rank
does sapiens represent?

A

SPECIES

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23
Q

What atomic particle balances the charge of protons to
produce a neutral atom?

A

ELECTRON

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24
Q

Isotopes of the same element are based on their different
numbers of what atomic particle?

A

NEUTRONS

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25
Q

Which of the Gas giant planets is closest to the Sun?

A

JUPITER

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26
Q

What are the 2 main factors causing the metamorphism of
rocks?

A

HEAT AND PRESSURE

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27
Q

What is the name for any segment with one endpoint at the center of a
circle and the other endpoint on the circle?

A

RADIUS

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28
Q

Rounded to the nearest ten-thousandth, convert 3
1 rd to a decimal:

A

0.3333

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29
Q

If there are 640 ounces of water in 5 gallons, how many
ounces are in ½ gallon?

A

64

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30
Q

Name all of the following 4 choices that are measurement
units of area: meter; hectare; acre; mile

A

HECTARE; ACRE

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31
Q

What is generally considered the basic unit of life?

A

THE CELL

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32
Q

In what organelle of a plant cell does photosynthesis occur?

A

CHLOROPLAST

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33
Q

An ionic state of an atom of hydrogen would have how
many protons?

A

1

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34
Q

What is the name for the biochemical process that
converts grape juice into wine or soy beans into soy sauce?

A

FERMENTATION

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35
Q

Giving your answer as north, south, east, or west, a southerly
wind blows FROM what direction?

A

SOUTH

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36
Q

Which of the following clouds has little vertical
development:

A

CIRRUS

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37
Q

What is the exact circumference, in centimeters, of a circle whose radius
is 3 centimeters?

A

6π

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38
Q

What is the common name for the antiseptic, found in
many homes, that decomposes into water and oxygen?

A

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

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39
Q

What is the chemical formula for hydrogen peroxide?

A

H2O2

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40
Q

What is the scientific name for the white of a cooked egg?

A

ALBUMEN

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41
Q

What term is generally used for biological catalysts?

A

ENZYMES

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42
Q

What term do scientists use for the force of gravity
acting on anything that has mass?

A

WEIGHT

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42
Q

How many protons are present in a single helium
nucleus?

A

2

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43
Q

A weather forecast of 100% relative humidity suggests an
increased possibility of:

A

RAIN

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44
Q

What is the name for all Great Circles that pass through the
north and south poles?

A

LONGITUDES

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45
Q

Every triangle has how many vertices?

A

3

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46
Q

If the perimeter of a triangle is 45 centimeters and the lengths of two of
its sides are 16 and 12 centimeters, find the length of the third side, in centimeters:

A

17

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47
Q

What general term describes the angle or degree north or
south of the equator?

A

LATITUDE

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48
Q

The geographic north pole is at what latitude?

A

90

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49
Q

What is the most common term for the energy an object
has because of its position or configuration?

A

POTENTIAL

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50
Q

Which one of the four basic forces of the universe is most
directly involved with maintaining the planets in their orbits?

A

GRAVITY

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51
Q

Based on size and location, which of the 2 basic types of
glaciers dominates Greenland today?

A

CONTINENTAL

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52
Q

Which of the following fossils is the oldest:

A

TRILOBITE

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53
Q

What is the measure, in degrees, of each angle in an equilateral triangle?

A

60

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54
Q

Which of the following can sometimes result after a
moderate to severe blow to the head:

A

CONCUSSION

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55
Q

What is the year of a person’s death who was born in the
year 580 BC and lived 63 years?

A

517 BC

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56
Q

How many limbs are tetrapods typically considered to have?

A

4

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57
Q

Which of the following is the most common source of energy
for brain cells in humans:

A

GLUCOSE

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58
Q

What is the most common term for the ratio of the output
force to the input force of a simple machine?

A

MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE

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59
Q

Which of the following most directly contributes to the
actual mechanical advantage always being less than the ideal mechanical advantage:

A

FRICTION

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60
Q

Which of the following is NOT a mineral:

A

BASALT

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61
Q

Which of the following is the hottest region of planet Earth:

A

THE INNER CORE

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62
Q

Find the volume, in inches cubed, of a rectangular solid whose
dimensions are 3-inches by 5-inches by 8-inches:

A

120

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63
Q

What is the kelvin temperature that represents a condition
of no molecular motion?

A

0

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64
Q

How many grams are in 1 metric ton?

A

1 MILLION

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65
Q

What is the ultimate energy source for nearly all life on Earth?

A

THE SUN

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66
Q

What is the environmental factor most directly involved in
phototropism?

A

LIGHT

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67
Q

If a chimpanzee were to throw darts at a Periodic
Table, he would most likely hit an element with which of the following characteristics:

A

A SOLID AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

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68
Q

Which of the following has the most inertia:

A

4 KILOGRAMS OF IRON

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69
Q

Which of the following is the BEST example of the
chemical weathering of rock:

A

RAIN PERCOLATING THROUGH LIMESTONE

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70
Q

What is the name for the “river” of high altitude wind over
North America that marks the southern boundary between polar air to the north and warmer air to
the south?

A

POLAR JET STREAM

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71
Q

Minuends and subtrahends are used in which of the following
mathematical operations:

A

SUBTRACTION

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72
Q

If the area of a square field is 1,600 square feet, how many feet long is
one of its sides?

A

40

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73
Q

What is the general name for a plastic material composed
of a polymer of styrene?

A

POLYSTYRENE

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74
Q

Which of the following is a product found in most
toothpastes for the purpose of making the teeth more resistant to decay by promoting
remineralization:

A

FLUORIDE

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75
Q

What is the scientific name of the human windpipe?

A

TRACHEA

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76
Q

The organ of Corti is directly involved in what human sense?

A

HEARING

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77
Q

Which of the following is TRUE regarding mixing
pigments:

A

AS MORE PIGMENTS ARE MIXED, THE DARKER THE RESULTING
MIXTURE BECOMES

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78
Q

What color will a red colored object appear to a human if
it is illuminated by a red light?

A

RED

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79
Q

Which of the following is often the LEAST reliable
property of a mineral that is used in mineral identification:

A

COLOR

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80
Q

Which of the following terms best describes the streak of
a mineral:

A

BROWN

81
Q

What is the identity element for addition on the integers?

A

0

82
Q

The sum of two numbers is 16 and their product is 55. What are the two
numbers?

A

11; 5

83
Q

Which of the following best describes a smaller stream
that merges with a larger stream:

A

TRIBUTARY

84
Q

Which of the following is a structural adaptation of
ducks that is most helpful in keeping them dry:

A

AN OIL-PRODUCING GLAND

85
Q

Which of the following is the closest synonym for motile:

A

ABLE TO MOVE

86
Q

Which of the following terms is used by microbiologists for a
bacterium with a rod shape:

A

BACILLUS

87
Q

What nucleon balances the charge of electrons to give an
atom a neutral state?

A

PROTON(S)

88
Q

Nitrogen has 7 protons. What is the atomic mass of its
common isotope, rounded to the nearest whole number?

A

14

89
Q

What molecular substance is believed to be the most basic
requirement or signature for life to exist on a planet?

A

WATER

90
Q

What planets are able to pass between the Earth and the
Sun?

A

MERCURY; VENUS

91
Q

The lead-acid battery is most commonly found in:

A

AUTOMOBILES

92
Q

From what biological polymer is paper primarily
composed?

A

CELLULOSE

93
Q

What is the common name of the members of the Class Aves?

A

BIRDS

94
Q

Name all of the following 3 groups of animals that are
vertebrates: amphibians; reptiles; gastropods

A

AMPHIBIANS; REPTILES

95
Q

Which of the following is a coastal morphology most
characteristic of the west coast of the U.S.:

A

ROCKY COAST WITH SMALL SPITS AND POCKET BEACHES

96
Q

Which of the following best describes how a sedimentary
rock can form:

A

COMPACTION AND CEMENTATION

97
Q

What is the degree measure of a semicircle?

A

180

98
Q

How many degrees are in the 4th angle of a quadrilateral whose other 3
angles are 85º, 95º, and 100º?

A

80

99
Q

Which of the following does the prefix “ambi” (spell
out the letters a, m, b, i) mean, as in the word ambidextrous:

A

BOTH

100
Q

Arrange the following 4 choices from the one with the
LOWEST mass to the HIGHEST mass: decigram; microgram; centigram; hectogram

A

MICROGRAM; CENTIGRAM; DECIGRAM; HECTOGRAM

101
Q

What is the most common term for the biological polymer found
in chromosomes that stores genetic information?

A

DNA (ACCEPT: DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID)

102
Q

Inside what human cell organelle does replication of the
chromosomal DNA in preparation for mitosis occur?

A

NUCLEUS

103
Q

What is the mass, in grams to the nearest whole number,
of one cubic centimeter of pure water at standard temperature and pressure?

A

1

104
Q

Name all of the following 3 choices that a physicist would
consider to be simple machines: bicycle; lever; ramp

A

LEVER; RAMP

105
Q

The greatest geophysical impacts from the movement of
Earth’s lithospheric plates are most often seen and felt in which of the following areas:

A

AT PLATE BOUNDARIES

106
Q

What layer of Earth’s interior contains over 60% of the
Earth’s mass and is composed of iron- and magnesium-rich silicates?

A

MANTLE

107
Q

The equation (2 + x) + y = 2 + (x + y) best illustrates what basic property
of addition?

A

ASSOCIATIVE

108
Q

Change the decimal 0.88 to a fraction in lowest terms:

A

22/25

109
Q

One quintillion contains how many zeroes?

A

18

110
Q

A single U.S. quarter is 2 millimeters thick. Find the
height, in centimeters, of a stack of 50 quarters:

A

10

111
Q

What specific structure is most directly responsible for the
motility of bacteria?

A

FLAGELLA (ACCEPT: FLAGELLUM)

112
Q

If an animal has 42 chromosomes in its normal, non-gamete or
somatic cells, what term would be given to the gametes that have 21 chromosomes:

A

HAPLOID

113
Q

Which of the following BEST describes how the
SI unit called the Newton is derived:

A

THE FORCE NEEDED TO ACCELERATE 1 KILOGRAM AT ONE METER
PER SECOND SQUARED

114
Q

A car is traveling at a constant speed of 20 kilometers
per hour on a long straight road. How many minutes will it take to travel a distance of 5 kilometers?

A

15

115
Q

The best evidence for the model of Earth’s interior comes
from the study of:

A

SEISMOLOGY

116
Q

Which of the following is TRUE of the Richter Scale:

A

IT IS BASED ON A LOGARITHMIC SCALE

117
Q

In the real numbers, a number times its multiplicative inverse equals
what?

A

1

118
Q

Find the elapsed time, in hours and minutes reduced to their lowest
terms, between 12:15 AM and 5:05 PM:

A

16 HOURS 50 MINUTES

119
Q

What hard silvery-grey metal is the 9th most common
element in the Earth’s crust, has an atomic number of 22, and takes its name from the Titans?

A

TITANIUM

120
Q

What state in the U.S. has the largest continuous system
of mangroves in the world?

A

FLORIDA

121
Q

What is the most common term for the symbiotic relationship
where one organism benefits and the other is harmed?

A

PARASITISM

122
Q

What is the most common term for the type of symbiosis where
one organism benefits and the other is neither significantly harmed nor helped by the interaction?

A

COMMENSALISM

123
Q

When using the periodic chart, what number gives the
number of protons in a given element:

A

ATOMIC NUMBER

124
Q

Most blizzards that strike the continental U.S. most
directly originated in which of the following locations:

A

THE GULF OF ALASKA

125
Q

What terrestrial planet rotates in an opposite direction to the
planet Earth?

A

VENUS

126
Q

What is the mathematical term for coplanar lines that never intersect?

A

PARALLEL

127
Q

Which of the following types of maps would be most
useful on a hiking trip through the Alps:

A

TOPOGRAPHIC

128
Q

Regarding computer technology, which of the
following BEST describes the bit:

A

A BINARY DIGIT THAT STORES INFORMATION

129
Q

What is the scientific term for the biting structures of spiders?

A

CHELICERAE (ACCEPT: CHELICERA)

130
Q

In what structure of a nucleated cell are ribosomes assembled
into their subunits?

A

NUCLEOLUS (DO NOT ACCEPT: NUCLEUS)

131
Q

If the angle of incidence for a beam of light on a mirror
is 27 degrees, what is the angle of reflection, in degrees?

A

27

132
Q

Which of the following is TRUE of gases:

A

THEY ARE HIGHLY COMPRESSIBLE

133
Q

Which of the following terms best describes the cleavage
of a mineral:

A

PERFECT ONE WAY

134
Q

Which of the following is a region of Earth’s atmosphere
where convection is most likely to take place:

A

TROPOSPHERE

135
Q

What is the most common element in most steel?

A

IRON

136
Q

Stainless steel is differentiated from other steels based
mainly on the content of what element?

A

CHROMIUM

137
Q

Which of the following is part of the nephron in the kidney:

A

GLOMERULUS

138
Q

The human body is most commonly described as having what
type of symmetry?

A

BILATERAL

139
Q

Which of the following BEST explains why a
concrete floor feels colder than a wooden floor if both are at 21ºC:

A

CONCRETE CONDUCTS HEAT BETTER THAN WOOD

140
Q

Molasses flows more slowly than water. What is the
most common scientific term for the ability of different substances to flow more or less freely?

A

VISCOSITY

141
Q

Rounded to the nearest whole number, what is the specific
gravity of water at standard temperature and pressure?

A

1

142
Q

Arrange the following 4 choices in order of INCREASING
speed of computer data transmission: 1 gigabyte per second; 1 kilobyte per second; 1 megabyte per
second; 1 terabyte per second

A

1 KILOBYTE PER SECOND; 1 MEGABYTE PER SECOND; 1 GIGABYTE PER
SECOND; 1 TERABYTE PER SECOND

143
Q

In which of the following places would meiosis most likely
occur in a mammal:

A

OVARY

144
Q

What are the most common names of the gametes produced by a
human male and female, respectively?

A

MALE = SPERM; FEMALE = EGG

145
Q

What anatomical structures in humans function by connecting
muscles to bones?

A

TENDONS

146
Q

What is the light-yellow fluid that makes up the fluid portion of
normal circulating human blood?

A

PLASMA

147
Q

Most biological catalysts are:

A

PROTEINS

148
Q

Which of the following best describes a bacteriophage:

A

A BACTERIAL VIRUS

149
Q

Which of the following plants is sometimes called a
fiddlehead when it is immature:

A

FERN

150
Q

Name all of the following 4 groups of animals that are reptiles:
lizards; snakes; frogs; crocodiles

A

LIZARDS; SNAKES; CROCODILES

151
Q

How many pairs of walking legs do spiders have?

A

4

152
Q

Name all of the following 4 organisms that are bivalves:
squid; clams; snails; mussels

A

CLAMS; MUSSELS

153
Q

Which of the following is closest to the meaning of
intercellular (read carefully as: in-TER-cellular):

A

BETWEEN CELLS

154
Q

Which of the following is NOT a structure found in human
cells:

A

CELL WALL

155
Q

What is the name of the blood vessels in vertebrate bodies where
most of the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs?

A

CAPILLARIES

156
Q

What specific part of the human brain is most responsible for
regulating body temperature?

A

HYPOTHALAMUS

156
Q

Which of the following describes the shape of a bacterial
pilus:

A

A THIN TUBE

157
Q

Name all of the following 4 groups of plants that are legumes:
peas; rice; soy beans; peanuts

A

PEAS; SOY BEANS; PEANUTS

158
Q

Which of the following is the location of the human thymus
gland:

A

UPPER CHEST

159
Q

What is the most common globular protein in red blood cells?

A

HEMOGLOBIN

160
Q

Name all of the following 4 groups of organisms that are
insects: flies; beetles; crayfish; moths

A

FLIES; BEETLES; MOTHS

161
Q

Which of the following anatomical structures is missing in the
hagfish:

A

JAW

162
Q

Name all of the following 4 organisms that are echinoderms:
squid; snails; starfish; lobsters

A

STARFISH

163
Q

What is the most common term used for the biological process of
converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form readily available for use in organisms?

A

NITROGEN FIXATION

164
Q

Which of the following groups of organisms is most
commonly associated with the ability to fix nitrogen:

A

BACTERIA

165
Q

Which of the following is a lipid:
W) lipase
X) myoglobin
Y) trypsin
Z) corn oil

A

CORN OIL

166
Q

Which of the following organisms contains the most chitin
(read as: KYE-tin) by percent of body weight:
W) leopard
X) ant
Y) squid
Z) whale

A

ANT

167
Q

What parts of a flower make up the corolla?

A

PETALS

168
Q

Name all of the following 4 plants that have male and female
flowers on the same plant: apple tree; tomato; maple tree; pumpkin

A

ALL

169
Q

How many chambers does the heart of a shark have?

A

2

170
Q

Name all of the following 4 groups of organisms in which
mitosis occurs: birds; reptiles; mollusks; bacteria

A

BIRDS; REPTILES; MOLLUSKS

171
Q

Which of the following anatomical structures do sharks NOT
possess:

A

GILL COVERS OR OPERCULA

172
Q

What scientist is sometimes considered the father of genetics
because of his extensive studies on the patterns of inheritance?

A

GREGOR MENDEL

173
Q

How many phalanges are in a human thumb?

A

2

174
Q

Which of the following terms is most often used to describe a
biochemical reaction where the forward reaction is at the same rate as the reverse reaction:
W) isothermic
X) isotropic
Y) equilibrium
Z) homeotropic

A

EQUILIBRIUM

175
Q

In which of the following areas of the human body is the
frontal bone found:
W) pelvis
X) spine
Y) shoulder
Z) head

A

HEAD

176
Q

In which of the following areas of the human body is the
ileum bone found:

A

PELVIS

177
Q

In what organelle do parenchymal (read as: PAR-en-KYM-al)
cells store most of a plant’s cellular fluid?

A

VACUOLE

178
Q

Name all of the following 3 groups of plants that have no
xylem: mosses; ferns; conifers

A

MOSSES

179
Q

Which of the following terms do biologists most often use to
describe animals that do not move by their own design or effort:
W) saprophytic
X) instar
Y) motile
Z) sessile

A

SESSILE

180
Q

What is the base nucleotide to which adenine binds on its
opposing strand in DNA?

A

THYMINE

181
Q

What anatomical structure in boney fish allows them to adjust
their buoyancy and stay afloat without swimming?

A

SWIMBLADDER

182
Q

What is the most common name for the fluid in a spider that
serves a similar function to blood in vertebrates?

A

HAEMOLYMPH

183
Q

What organelle with attached ribosomes is most directly
responsible for the translation of proteins destined to be transported out of the cell?

A

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

184
Q

Name all of the following 4 functional groups that are found in
all amino acids: carboxyl; ketone; amino; phosphate

A

CARBOXYL; AMINO

185
Q

What is the most common name of the plant pigments that give
fruits and many plant parts their orange color?

A

CAROTENOIDS

186
Q

Which of the following organisms has an archegonium:
W) moss
X) bird
Y) frog
Z) oak tree

A

MOSS

187
Q

How many pairs of wings do beetles typically have?

A

2

188
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are found in most mammals?

A

7

189
Q

What is the most common name for the junctions across which
nerve cells carry chemical messages from cell to cell?

A

SYNAPSE

190
Q

What is the most common name of the part of a neuron that takes
its name from the Greek word for tree, and functions to carry electrical messages from other nerve
cells to the soma?

A

DENDRITE

191
Q

In which of the following cells would myelin most likely be
found:
W) oocyte
X) red blood cell
Y) neuron
Z) skin cell

A

NEURON

192
Q

Name all of the following 4 choices of eukaryotic sub-cellular
structures that do NOT have their own specific membrane: chloroplast; lysosome; centriole; golgi

A

CENTRIOLE

193
Q

What is the most important function of fiber tracheids (read
as: TRAY-key-ids) in woody plants:
W) energy storage
X) structural support
Y) sugary sap movement
Z) absorption of nutrients from the soil

A

STRUCTURAL SUPPORT

194
Q

Which of the following is the smallest object that a typical
student compound light microscope is able to allow a person to see:
W) mRNA
X) ribosomes
Y) E.coli
Z) polio virus

A

E.COLI

195
Q

Adipose tissue stores mostly:
W) lipid
X) protein
Y) starch
Z) glycogen

A

LIPID

196
Q

Which of the following biological molecules make up the
main part of the bilayer and hydrophobic region of the plasma cell membrane:
W) oligosaccharides (read as: oh-LEE-go-SACK-ah-rides)
X) carbohydrates
Y) phospholipids
Z) proteins

A

PHOSPHOLIPIDS

197
Q

Keratins are considered structural proteins. This is because
they are most often arranged in which of the following shapes:
W) long, thin fibers
X) spherical and smooth
Y) short and irregular
Z) small, irregular, and hydrophilic

A

LONG THIN FIBERS

198
Q

Name all of the following 4 molecules that are storage forms of
glucose: starch; wax; glycogen; maltose

A

STARCH; GLYCOGEN

Science Bowl (2 decks)

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