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GENERAL & ORAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY > SET 1 > Flashcards

SET 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A developmental anomaly on the occlusal surface of bicuspids in a form of tubercle with pulp tissue

A

Leong’s premolar

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2
Q

Acquired integument of the teeth is composed of _______

A

salivary glycoprotein

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3
Q

What antibody is found primarily in granular secretion such as mucus, tears, and attack pathogens before they enter the body?

A

IgA

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4
Q

Duct of the parotid gland

A

Stensen’s duct

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5
Q

Secretion of the adrenal cortex (3)

A

cortisol
sex hormones
aldosterone

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6
Q

Joint between the occipital bone and sphenoid bone at the base of the skull

A

synchondrosis

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7
Q

Glycolysis is the breakdown of ______

A

glucose

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8
Q

Amino acid sequence in a protein is the result of translation of the codons in _________

A

mRNA

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9
Q

Cell responsible for humoral immunity

A

B-lymphocytes

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10
Q

Cariogenic microorganisms in the plaque

A

streptococcus mutans

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11
Q

The 1st cranial nerve passes to the base of the cranium from the cavity through the _______

A

ethmoid bone

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12
Q

Term used to describe synthesis of RNA form a template

A

transcription

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13
Q

The hard palate opposite the maxillary first molar is innervated by _________

A

anterior palatine nerve

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14
Q

Epinephrine is a secretion of the _______

A

chromaffin cells

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15
Q

Substances that cause adherence of fibronexus in fibroblast

A

fibronectin

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16
Q

Body secretion as sweat, saliva, and tears with antimicrobial property

A

lysozyme

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17
Q

Vitamins essential for erythropoiesis (3)

A

vitamin B
pyridoxine
cyanocobalamin

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18
Q

Stage of tooth development where the number of teeth is determined

A

initiation

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19
Q

Secretion of adrenal cortex that has an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects

A

glucocorticoids

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20
Q

Cell in the Islets of Langerhans that secretes glucagon

A

alpha cells

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21
Q
A
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22
Q

The articular surface of the mandibular condyle consists of ________ which may become fibrous tissue later in life

A

fibrocartilage

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23
Q

Proprioreceptors are found in (3)

A

periodontal ligament
gingiva
temporomandibular joint

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24
Q

An organic integument of the enamel, derived from the reduced enamel epithelium upon eruption

A

Nasmyth’s membrane

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25
Q

Main mineral component of the hard tissue of the body

A

calcium hydroxyapatite

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26
Q

Buffer system of the body (2)

A

phosphate buffer system
carbonic acid bicarbonate buffer system

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27
Q

Effect of the sympathetic nervous stimulation (3)

A

increased heart rate
vasoconstriction
thick serous salivation

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28
Q

Perception of the sense of taste in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is by the _______ nerve

A

chorda tympani

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29
Q

Nerves involved in taste sensation (3)

A

vagus nerve
glossopharyngeal nerve
facial nerve

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30
Q

Shape and number of roots of teeth are determined by ______

A

Sheath of Hertwig

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31
Q

The motor fibers of the fifth cranial nerve is with the _________ nerve

A

mandibular

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32
Q

Bartholin’s duct originates from what salivary gland?

A

sublingual gland

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33
Q

Cells in the periodontal ligament that is a neural crest origin (3)

A

fibroblast
osteoblast
cementoblast

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34
Q

Sigmoid pattern of pH in dental plaque after a sucrose rinse

A

Stephan’s curve

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35
Q

Acquired integument of the teeth is composed of _________

A

salivary glycoprotein

36
Q

Nerves found in the pterygomandibular space (3)

A

lingual nerve
inferior alveolar nerve
mylohyoid nerve

37
Q

Delivers amino acids to the site of peptide bond formation

A

TRNA

38
Q

Loss of secreting capacity of the adrenal cortex or loss of ACTH secretion

A

Addison’s disease

39
Q

Vitamin essential for liver synthesis of prothrombin

A

vitamin K

40
Q

Gives rise to the inferior alveolar nerve

A

posterior division of mandibular nerve

41
Q

Instructions for protein synthesis are contained in _______

A

DNA

42
Q

Amino acid type of neurotransmitters (3)

A

glycine
glutamate
gamma-aminobutyric acid

43
Q

Number of cervical vertebrae

A

seven (7)

44
Q

Triplet code means that each amino acid is represented by _____

A

a set of three nucleotide

45
Q

The upper lip is formed which embryological process?

A

medial nasal and maxillary processes

46
Q

The olfactory nerve is the ________

A

first cranial nerve

47
Q

The periodontal ligament is what type of joint ______

A

gomphosis

48
Q

Arterial vascular supply to all teeth

A

maxillary artery

49
Q

The epidermis consists of the what cells? (3)

A

stratified keratinizing epithelium
melanocytes
langerhans cells

50
Q

Biological anticoagulant (3)

A

heparin
antithrombin
antithromboplastin

51
Q

Effects of parathormone when released into the circulation (3)

A

increases rate of intestinal absorption of calcium
stimulates osteoblast activity
decrease rate of calcium excretion

52
Q

The sphenomandibular ligament connects the sphenoid bone to _________

A

lingual

53
Q

ACTH is a secretion of _________

A

anterior pituitary

54
Q

Calvana is formed by what bones? (3)

A

parietal
occipital
frontal

55
Q

Cholinergic receptors on the largest cells of the parasympathetic nervous system

A

nicotinic and muscarinic

56
Q

Incremental lines in enamel corresponding to periods of rest and activity in amelogenesis

A

Striae of Retzius

57
Q

The innervation of the pulp of the mandibular first bicuspid is ________

A

inferior alveolar nerve

58
Q

Most likely mechanism of tooth eruption

A

maturation of periodontal ligament fibers

59
Q

Calcitonin is a secretion of the _______

A

thyroid gland

60
Q

Cytoplasmic organelles of cells involved in protein synthesis

A

endoplasmic reticulum

61
Q

Functions of blood (3)

A

defends the body against toxins
delivers enzymes and hormones
regulates body temperature

62
Q

The atlas is also known as _____

A

C1

63
Q

If the body is unable to catabolize carbohydrates for energy, the second most important source is ________

A

protein

64
Q

Immunoglobulin responsible for resistance against viruses, bacteria, and bacterial toxins

A

IgG

65
Q

The propagation and perpetuation of the specie is the function of _________

A

DNA in the genes

66
Q

Unpaired bone

A

sphenoid

67
Q

Hematocrit value measures the __________

A

percentage of whole blood occupied by cell elements

68
Q

Responsible for the RBC ability to transport dissolved gasses

A

hemoglobin

69
Q

Sex hormones of the male gamete

A

X and Y

70
Q

Most important high-energy compound in the body

A

ATP

71
Q

The third division of the trigeminal nerve exits the cranium through the __________

A

foramen ovale

72
Q

The innervation of the pulp of the mandibular first bicuspid is _______

A

inferior alveolar

73
Q

To what bone is the hyoid bone attached?

A

temporal bone

74
Q

Motor innervation of the buccinator muscle

A

buccinator nerve from facial nerve

75
Q

Does not have proprioceptors

A

pulp of teeth

76
Q

Cribriform plate is found in _______

A

cortical bone

77
Q

Calcitonin is a secretion of the __________

A

thyroid gland

78
Q

Hypocalcified areas in the root dentin

A

granular layer of Tomes

79
Q

Masticatory muscle that is attached to the coronoid process of the mandible

A

temporalis

80
Q

Chemical mediator nerve impulse transmission

A

sodium and potassium

81
Q

The 7th cranial nerve exist from the cranium through the ________

A

stylomastoid foramen

82
Q

What venous sinus is connected to the pterygoid plexus of veins?

A

cavernous sinus

83
Q

Embedded parts of the periodontal ligament in the bone and cementum

A

Sharpey’s fibers

84
Q

The zygomatic arch is the origin of what muscle of mastication?

A

masseter

85
Q

Pulp of the lower second bicuspid is innervated by __________

A

inferior alveolar nerve

86
Q

Connective tissue of the teeth and surrounding structures are embryologically derived from ___________

A

neural crest cells

87
Q

Secretion of the posterior pituitary gland with vasoconstrictor properties and used as such with local anesthetics

A

vasopressin

GENERAL & ORAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (5 decks)

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