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MINING GEOLOGY > SET 1 > Flashcards

SET 1 Flashcards

Exam

1
Q

Uses the kinetic energy of fluid (often water) to break the rock and minerals

A

Hydraulic Mining / Hydraulicking

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2
Q

Ore Deposit for Hydraulicking?

A

Placer Deposits

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3
Q

Explicitly prohibits the practice of hydraulicking in small-scale mining

A

DAO 2015-03

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4
Q

The primary reason why hydraulicking was regulated and restricted in the United States

A

California Gold Rush

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5
Q

Biggest hydraulic mine in the world during the California Gold Rush

A

Malakoff Diggins, North Bloomfield Mining and Gravel Company

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6
Q

What is the primary source of placer deposits?

A

Crystalline Rocks

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7
Q

One of the world’s largest copper and gold mines that utilized hydraulicking?

A

Grasberg Mine (Freeport-McMoran Inc., Indonesia)

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8
Q

Showcases the remains of
aqueducts and extensive
hydraulicking operations

A

Las Medulas (Spain)

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9
Q

Means sand or gravel bank or shoal where gold can be obtained by washing in spanish

A

Placer

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10
Q

Any area of unconsolidated rock fragments or particles that
may also contain minerals potentially of economic value

A

Placer

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11
Q

Involves the extraction of these unconsolidated materials without the use of explosives

A

Placer Mining

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12
Q

Alluvial deposits containing the
economic metals or minerals

A

Placer Ore Bodies

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13
Q

Form when the remaining eluvials, consisting of mineralized
rock, decompose in situ principally by chemical weathering
or in some cases by hydrothermal alteration

A

Residual Placer

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14
Q

Also termed colluvial or hillside placers, are transitional
between disintegrated rock and stream gravel

A

Eluvial Placer

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15
Q

Stream transport is a mechanism for forming placers

A

Stream/Alluvial Placer

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16
Q

Creek placers, river placers, and gravel plain deposits are forms of which placer?

A

Gulch Placer

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17
Q

These deposits form when the original lode deposit has been
sufficiently weathered to be weakened

A

Debris Flow/Pulse Placer

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18
Q

When streams cut downward through a previously deposited alluvial deposit, which placer is developed?

A

Bench Placer

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19
Q

Where mineral-bearing streams reach the sea or ocean before they drop the transported mineral load

A

Beach Placer

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20
Q

Are found in arid regions where erosions and transportation of debris depend largely on fast-rising streams

A

Desert Placer

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21
Q

Are concentrations resulting from the removal of lighter material by wind action.

A

Aeolian Placer

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22
Q

Are mineral deposits that have been associated with a moving glacier that scraped off loose rock debris, soil, and sometimes minerals

A

Glacial Placer

23
Q

Any ofthe placers just described may be found submerged offshore on the continental shelf

A

Marine Placer

24
Q

All methods that employ water or a liquid solvent to recover minerals from the Earth

A

Aqueous Extraction

25
Q

A simple method of separating particles of greater specific gravity from soil or gravel by washing in a pan with water; a small scale placer deposit mining method

A

Panning

26
Q

Means the recovery of gold by the
use of a dishpan like wood, metal or
any material

A

Panning

27
Q

Means the recovery of gold by using sluice boxes; use of sluice boxes to separate the gold but in a
smaller scale than hydraulicking

A

Sluicing

28
Q

Means rectangular, wooden lauder provided with side walls and cross pieces of sawn lumber or round poles, metallic screen, jute cloth, or a combination of both on its floor to retain the gold

A

Sluice Box

29
Q

Involves driving adits (horizontal
tunnels) into the hillside to extract
high-grade placer mineral deposits
that are located above the valley
floor

A

Drift Mining

30
Q

Used when the valuable minerals are found in relatively thin lenses on or near bedrock, covered by layers of worthless gravel and debris

A

Drift Mining

31
Q

Placer Mining Companies

A

Klondike Gold Rush, Namibia, Siberia, Indonesia, Batang-batang Chromium Mine, Benguet, Camarines Norte

32
Q

Underwater excavation using a floating vessel (dredge) for mineral extraction

A

Dredging

33
Q

Excavate and transport
minerals mechanically

A

Mechanical Dredging

34
Q

Transport minerals as
slurry using water

A

Hydraulic Dredging

35
Q

Used for deep placer
deposits (up to 160 ft)

A

Bucket-line Dredges

36
Q

Uses a cutting head to loosen the material and transport it via pipeline; typical digging depth is up to 60 ft

A

Cutter-head Suction Dredges

37
Q

Similar to cutter-head dredges, but use a vertical bucket wheel for cutting; typical digging depth is up to 115 ft

A

Cutter-wheel Suction Dredges

38
Q

Similar to seabed dredging,
this targets resources from riverbeds

A

Riverbed Dredging

39
Q

This involves extracting sand, gravel, or other minerals from the seafloor

A

Seabed Dredging

40
Q

This refers to methods used by individual miners or small communities, often for gold extraction

A

Small-scale Dredging

41
Q

Dredging Companies

A
  • Neumann Dredging - Australia
  • Waikaia Gold Ltd - New Zealand
  • IHC Mining - Netherlands
  • GREENPHIL MINERAL EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT CO. INC.
  • JDVC Resources Corp
  • Peniel Resources Mining Corp
42
Q

Established as a guarantee fund mechanism for
environmental purposes to ensure timely compensation for damages and progressive and sustainable
rehabilitation to any adverse effect a mining operation

A

Contingent Liability and Rehabilitation Fund (CLRF)

43
Q

Established for
dredging with commercial utilization of dredged materials

A

Environmental Guarantee Fund (EGF) and Environmental Monitoring Fund

44
Q

Refers to any method wherein desired metal or mineral values are extracted from a deposit via a borehole after being fluidized in place

A

Borehole Mining

45
Q

Injected into the formation after reagent (solvent) has been added to the water

A

Aqueous Solution / Chemical Leaching

46
Q

Borehole Mining Companies

A
  • Black Range Minerals Ltd, USA
  • InSitu Metals Corp., Canada
47
Q

Chemical extraction of metals or minerals from the confines of a deposit or from a material already mined

A

Leaching

48
Q

Extraction of minerals carried out in place

A

In Situ Leaching

49
Q

Extraction of minerals performed in previously mined dumps, tailings, or slag piles

A

Heap Leaching

50
Q

In Situ Leaching Companies

A
  • Tortkuduk Uranium Mine, Kazakhstan
  • Florence Copper In-Situ Recovery
    Project
51
Q

Australia’s first operating In Situ Leaching Mine

A

Beverly Uranium Mine, Australia

52
Q

Maintains the ultimate responsibility for the regulation of the US nuclear industry, including uranium extraction and ISL

A

Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

53
Q

Retains ultimate responsibility for underground sources of drinking water (USDW)

A

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

54
Q

Authorized the Board of Minerals and Environment to adopt rules in situ leach mines

A

2006 South Dakota Senate Bill 62

MINING GEOLOGY (3 decks)

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