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StormWindsStudio ICND1 > Sesson 1 > Flashcards

Sesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Physical Topology?

What are the 3 primary categories?

A

is the physical layout of devices and cabling.

BUS
STAR
MESH

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2
Q

How were Bus Topology connected and characteristics?

What issues did it have?

A

Physical cable - typically coax, terminate with vampire taps to that same cable

not scalable
communication issues
1 device at a time CMSA CD

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3
Q

what device was used in the middle of a star topology?

but logically how did it react?

A

a HUB

Logically like a bus topology
1 device can talk
SLOW with more devices
Collision domains

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4
Q

what type of devices are used today in star topology?

A

a switch

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5
Q

what benefits of a mesh topology

A

high availability through redundancy.

Full mesh - everyone connected to everyone is the most redundant. Very expenses

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6
Q

What is the 3 tier hierarchical model composed of?

A

ACCESS LAYERS -
Distribution Layer
Campus back bone

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7
Q

What type of devices live in the access layer of the 3 tier hierarchical model ?

what type of model of switches?

A 
Users
Phones
Printers
APs
any other device that needs to be connected to a switch.

catalyst switches layer 2

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8
Q

What type of devices live in the distribution layer of the 3 tier hierarchical model ?

what type of model of switches?

A

this layer connects multiple access layer switches together.

example - Aggregate switch - 4500x

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9
Q

where is Mesh topology used in the 3 tier hierarchical model and why?

A

between distribution and campus back bone.

multiple paths
redundancy if a path fail

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10
Q

what is the design flaw in the 3 tier hierarchical model?

A

multiple connections from access layer to distributions layer to avoid single point of failure

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11
Q

What does Logical Topology mean?

A

Is the path that traffic will take through the network from point A to point B.

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12
Q

Give an example of a logical topology

A

2 pcs next to each other but not on the same network. Separated by a Vlan

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13
Q

What is a firewall?

A

Device that provides security by limiting traffic flows.

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14
Q

what is the difference of a Standalone Access point and a light weight AP?

A

Standalone APs

  1. you manage them individually
  2. traffic flows from end user to AP to end user

light weight AP
1. requires a WLC - wireless lan controller (central location)

traffic flows from end user to AP to WLC to AP to end user.

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15
Q

what is the OSI Model?

A
  1. Physical
  2. Data link
  3. Network
  4. Transport
  5. Session
  6. Presentation
  7. Application
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16
Q

What is ATIL model? (TCP/IP)

A

Applications
Transport
Internet
Link

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17
Q

Explain what happens in the Application layer

A

all the services behind the scene that allow the application to work

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18
Q

Switches make their decision based on what layer?

A

Layer 2 (data link) or Link (tcp/ip model)

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19
Q

what is the name of the payload (PDU) when it is at the transport layer

A

Segment

20
Q

what is the name of the payload (PDU) when it is at network/internter layer ?

A

Packet

21
Q

what is the name of the payload (PDU) when it is at the link layer?

A

Frame

22
Q

what is the name of the payload (PDU) when it is at the application layer?

A

Data

23
Q

what is the name of the payload (PDU) when it is at the physical layer?

A

Bits

24
Q

Examples of physical devices?

A

Nics, cables, MTU, bits, fiber optic, copper cable

25
Q

max distance for RJ45 cable?

A

100 meters or 328 feet

26
Q

what is the wire standard for straight cable

A 
1 - green/white
2 - green
3 - yellow/white
4 - Blue
5 - Blue/white
6 - yellow
7 - Brown/white
8 - Brown
27
Q

what is the standard for a cross over cable

A

pin 1 goes to pin 3

pin 2 goes to pin 6

28
Q

when do you use straight through cables and when you use cross over cable -

A

straight through cable - when connecting unlike devices togother (Pc to switch)

cross over cable - when connecting like devices (switch to switch)

29
Q

what is auto MDIX

A

devices changes a straight through cable transmission and receive pins so it can work…

30
Q

characteristics of Multi mode fiber optic

A

LED base / can send multiple signals down the wire / alot of bounces

shorter distances
shorter bandwidth
cheaper

31
Q

characteristic of Single fiber mode optic

A

laser base
Long distances
High bandwidth

32
Q

what is important for layer 2 operation

A 
Frame Encapsulation
Switches work in this layer
MAC address are used here
HDLC
PPP
33
Q

What is the min/max a ethernet frame can be transfered?

A

46 - Mininum transfer unit

1500 Max transfer unit

34
Q

what is FCS (frame check sequence)

A

a mathematical calculation that the source creates and when the destination device reads it and gets the same # that means that the frame has not be modified.

35
Q

What is a MAC address

A 
unique # that identifies a device on layer 2
or also known 
LAN
Broadcast Domain
Subnet
Vlan
36
Q

What is ARP?

A

Address Resolution Protocol

ARP is a layer 3 to layer 2 mapping
An example of a broadcast traffic
Request are only sent within a vlan
Local devices create a arp cache

37
Q

what is the command to enter the arp cache?

A

arp -a

38
Q

what is important in layer 3/internet layer?

A

Packet encapsulation
Routing
IP addressing (IPv4 and IPv6)

39
Q

what is Service type mean in layer 3 packet?

A

allows us to differentiate what packets gets done first.

Example - youtube video vs VoIP call

VoIP calls will get a higher service (QOS) than the youtube stream.

40
Q

what is TTL used for in packet header?

A

it is the max life span of a packet. Its expiration hop count.

Prevents a packet from lasting forever.

prevents loops on the network

41
Q

what message is back to the PC when TTL expires?

A

ICMP TTL exceeded message

42
Q

what does protocol field in a layer 3 packet mean

A

indicates what is happening on the transport layer - TCP or UDP

43
Q

What is the list of importants in a packet layer 3 header

A
  1. Source/Dest IP address
  2. TTL
  3. Protocol
  4. Service Type
44
Q

What are the benefits of TCP connection?

A

Transmission control protocol

Provides flow control and error checking
Allow for access to the network layer
Ensures packet sequencing and reliable delivery
connection oriented

45
Q

Sequence number in network segment is good for?

A

keeps track of each segment.

46
Q

What is windowing?

A

is a 3 way handshake
SYN
SYN - ACK
ACK

47
Q

What is window size?

A

is the amount of bytes that can be sent at a time for a segment.

If there is not issues transferring, window size will grow. and reduce if there is a problem.

StormWindsStudio ICND1 (10 decks)

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