Session 9 - oral cavity and pharynx

Question 1

which nerve provides motor innervation to most of the muscles of the tonque

Answer 1

hypoglossal nerve

Question 2

which muscle of the tongue is not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve and which nerve is it innervated by

Answer 2

palatoglossus

innervated by the vagus nerve

Question 3

what are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 3

There are four paired intrinsic muscles of the tongue and they are named by the direction in which they travel: the superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transverse and vertical muscles of the tongue. These muscles affect the shape and size of the tongue – for example, in tongue rolling – and have a role in facilitating speech, eating and swallowing.
they are not attached to bone but are attached to other muscles

Question 4

what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 4

genioglossus
hyoglossus
stylogossus
palatoglossus

Question 5

which nerves provide sensory innervation to the tongue

Answer 5

anterior 2/3
sensation- trigeminal Vc
taste- facial

posterior 1/3
sensation and taste - glossopharyngeal

Question 6

where does saliva form the submandibular gland empty

Answer 6

empties via the wharton duct on the posterior surface of the tongue

Question 7

where does the parotid gland empty

Answer 7

via the stensen duct

around 2nd upper molar

Question 8

what is sialolithiasis

Answer 8

salivary gland stones
Most stones are located in the submandibular glands
Dehydration, reduced salivary flow
Most stones less than 1cm diameter
Symptoms (eating stimulates) - as you release saliva when you eat
• Pain in gland
• Swelling
• Infection
• Diagnosis- history, x-ray, sialogram

Question 9

what symptoms does tonsillitis present with

Answer 9

• Fever
• Sore throat
• Pain/difficulty swallowing
• Cervical lymph nodes
• Bad breath

Question 10

what symptoms does a peritonsillar abscess present with

Answer 10

• Severe throat pain
• Fever
• Bad breath
• Drooling
• Difficulty opening mouth
deviates uvular to one side

can follow tonsillitis or arise on its own