Session 4 - CNS Flashcards
what is the brain and CNS derive from
derived from ectoderm
what are the differences between the CNS and PNS
the CNS cannot regenerate but the PNS can
the CNS is more sophisticated
in the CNS myelination is via oligodendrocytes and schwann cells in the PNS
tumors in the CNS can be benign or malignant where as in the PNS they are usually benign
CNS has immune privilege via microglial cells
what does having immune privilege mean
Certain sites of the human body have immune privilege, meaning they are able to tolerate the introduction of antigens without eliciting an inflammatory immune response
which part of the brain stem controls eye movements and reflex responses to sound and vision
midbrain
which part of the brain regulates sleep and is involved in feeding behaviour
pons
which part of the brain are the cardiovascular and respiratory centres found
medulla
where in the medulla do you get the major motor pathways
medullary pyramids
what features or the brain allow it to fit the maximum volume into the skull
the brain is folded
lots of sulci and gyri
what sulcus separates the frontal and parietal lobes
central sulcus
which lobe controls higher cognition, motor function and speech
frontal lobe
which lobe controls sensation and spatial awareness
parietal lobe
which lobe controls memory, smell and hearing
temporal lobe
which lobe controls vision
occipital lobe
which controls coordination and motor learning
cerebellum
where do fibres of the visual system cross over
the optic chiasm
what part of the temporal lobe can herniate and compress the midbrain when intracranial pressure increase
uncus (medial part of the temporal lobe)
what is the name given to the area of the brain where fibres connect the two cerebral hemispheres
Corpus Callosum
where is the sensory relay station projecting to the sensory cortex located
thalmus
what in the essential centre for homeostasis
hypothalamus
why can atherosclerotic disease of the internal carotid artery cause transient loss of vision
the artery supplying the retina is called the central retinal artery
this is a branch of the internal carotid artery
smooth flow of blood is disrupted in atherosclerosis
retina does not get steady supply of oxygen
without oxygen the retina cannot sense light
at what part of the central nervous system do the motor fibres arising form the primary motor cortex cross the opposite side
crosses in the medulla at the medullary pyramids
what are the major roles of the cerebellum
coordination and motor control, especially fine motor control
posture
balance
