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MPSY 1513 > Session 9: Behaviour related to disease, illness and health > Flashcards

Session 9: Behaviour related to disease, illness and health Flashcards

1
Q

Define behaviour in its relation to illness.

A
  • Health-related behaviour influences likelihood of develop chronic diseases
  • Related to lifestyle
  • Can be + / -
  • Associated w/ major chronic diseases
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2
Q

Define health behaviour.

A
  • Any activity aimed at maintaining / improving health

* Influenced by health status

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3
Q

Discuss the 3 types of health-behavior.

A
  1. Well behaviour
    - maintains /improves current good health
  2. Symptom-based behavior
    - ill people determine the problem and find remedy
    - focuses on physical symptoms
  3. Sick-role behaviour
    - to get well after individual has gotten ill and determined what it is
    - depends on prior learning and cultural behaviours
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4
Q

Discuss the 3 levels of illness prevention and give an example of a health behaviour in each.

A

PRIMARY PREVENTION

  • avoid disease/injury
  • well-behaviour: exercising, safety belts, immunisations, healthy dental health

SECONDARY PREVENTION

  • early identification and treatment of an illness/injury
  • aims to stop/reverse problem
  • well-behaviours: routine periodic health screenings
  • symptom-based behaviour: consulting a medical professional w/ a symptom and obtaining a prescription
  • sick-role behaviour: following doctor’s prescriptions

TERTIARY PREVENTION

  • contain irreversible damage and rehabilitate a person
  • symptom-based behaviour: taking chronic medication for symptoms
  • sick-role behaviour: physical therapy to regain use of limbs
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5
Q

Name the 5 types of healthy risk behaviours.

A
  1. Substance-related HRB
    - nicotine
    - alcohol
    - psychoactive substances
  2. Dietary HRB
  3. Exercise-related HRB
  4. Sexual HRB
  5. Safety-related HRB
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6
Q

Discuss substance-related health risk behaviour.

A
  • Alcohol
  • may have diverse health and social consequences and often associated w/ other health-risk behaviours.
  • Psychoactive substances
  • drug use and misuse of prescription and over-the-counter medications raise risk of developing variety of diseases
  • Nicotine
  • evidence that smoking is a health-risk is well-documented
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7
Q

Discuss dietary health risk behaviour.

A
  • Incorrect eating behaviour is constantly ass. w/ disease

* Healthy diet ensures taking in of sufficient nutrients, but avoid abundance of some

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8
Q

Discuss exercise-related health risk behaviour.

A

Too little physical activity places individual at risk of developing a range of diseases

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9
Q

Discuss sexual-related health risk behaviour.

A

Safer sexual practices are being promoted to prevent STIs and unwanted pregnancies.

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10
Q

Discuss safety-related health risk behaviour.

A

People may suffer from preventable injuries by failing to behave w/ their physical safety in mind.

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11
Q

List the 12 ways of how to manage health-risk behaviour.

A
  1. develop a bio-psychosocial understanding
  2. obtain a full description of the problem, its duration and history
  3. explain a health-risk behaviour as a prerequisite for preventing diseases
  4. inculcate responsibility in patients
  5. obtain the patient’s active, informed participation
  6. approach modification systematically
  7. design treatment in cooperation w/ patient
  8. discuss expected health benefits
  9. utilise stress management techniques
  10. monitor changes in health-risk behaviour
  11. identify and remove obstacles to modification of health risk behaviour
  12. evaluate effectiveness of behaviour change
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12
Q

Name and explain 5 intrapersonal obstacles in the modification of health-risk behaviour.

A
  1. Appeal
    - healthy behaviours may be perceived as less appealing than unhealthy alternatives
  2. Self-efficacy
    - self-sufficiency is needed to implement changes
  3. Cognitive resources
    - knowledge regarding which health behaviours to adopt & skills in planning for change is needed
  4. Habitual and addictive behaviours
    - modification pf lifestyle may be difficult
  5. Effects of illness
    - being sick/taking meds can have a huge effect on a person’s mood and drive
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13
Q

Name and expalin 2 interpersonal factors obstacles in the modification of health-risk behaviour.

A
  1. Model
    - absence of f&f who model healthy behaviour
  2. Support
    - absence of support & encouragement leads to conflict and undermines prevention efforts
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14
Q

Name and explain 2 community factors obstacles in the modification of health-risk behavior.

A
  1. Focus on treatment
    - some HC systems focus on treatment rather than prevention
  2. Resources allocation
    - insufficient funding for public health projects or research and difficulties in prioritising economic and public health priorities
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MPSY 1513 (9 decks)

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