Session 6 Lec 2 - Intro to endocrinology Flashcards
in homestasis outline what the afferent and effeerant pathways are
afferent pathway is communication of receptor to the brain
efferent pathway is communication of receptor from the brain to an effector
biological rhythms
what area in the brain controls our rhythm ?
what is the hormone involved and where is it produced and released from ?
a neuron in the hypothalamus from a nucleus called the suprachiasmatic nucleus
hormone is melatonin from the pineal gland
draw the feedback loop for body fluid homeostasis
what is the hormone involved, where is it released and produced
bonus :
also describe the plasma glucose homeostasis
produced in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary
check against session 6 lecture 2
what are the 4 classifications of hormones
give examples of each one
what is their preferred solution / solubility
what does this mean in terms of mechanism of aciton
Peptide/polypeptide • Short chains of amino acids. • Insulin • Glucagon • Growth hormone • All water soluble
Amino acid derivatives (Amines) • Synthesised from aromatic amino acids • Adrenaline (tyrosine) • Noradrenaline (tyrosine) • Thyroid hormones (tyrosine) • Melatonin (tryptophan) • Adrenal medulla hormones water soluble • Thyroid hormones lipid soluble
Glycoproteins • Luteinizing hormone • Follicle stimulating hormone • Thyroid stimulating hormone • All water soluble
Steroids • All derived from cholesterol. • Steroidogenic tissues convert cholesterol to different hormones • Cortisol • Aldosterone • Testosterone • All Lipid soluble
what determines hormone levels in the blood ?
1) Rate of production:
Synthesis & secretion, the most highly regulated aspect of hormone control
2) Rate of delivery:
Higher blood flow to a particular organ will deliver more hormone.
3) Rate of degradation:
Hormones are metabolized and excreted from the body.
how do water soluble proteins bind ?
hint : two methods
on cell surface receptors
either GPCR or tyrosine kinase receptors
outline how humans control appetite
the arcuate nucleus in the hypothalamus
draw the mechansim of contorl of appetite with all chemicals and locations involved
check against the lecture
