Session 6 Lec 1 - Case studies of heamtolgical changes in disease Flashcards
what are the 5 broad conditions that come with haematological changes
Anaemia of chronic disease and Anaemia of renal failure Rheumatoid arthritis Liver Disease/Alcohol Post op reactive changes and infection Cancer
Explain the impacts of dyserthyropoeisis and reduced erythropoeisis on ACD
dyserthyropoeisis
has three key features
- Iron dyregulation : macrophages dont release iron and less iron uptake due to hepcidin lack of regulation (inflammatory cytokines , IL - 6), also not released from bone marrow
- marrow shows a lack of response to EPO
- Reduced life span of red cells
all of these three effects caused by inflammatory cytokines - IL-6
reduced erythropoeisis - either kidney disease - lack of EPO production
or Empty marrow from - chemo, Parovirus infection in kids, or aplastic anemia
or the marrow has been infiltrated by cancer or myleofibroisis has occured
so the bone marrow cannot respond to the signals from EPO
without notes create a page of notes on the heamolytic problems associated with Anemia chronic disease and Anemia of renal failure
if you have done this once or twice, try and explain it out loud instead
include investigations you would do and the result
the key features of the disease and why it causes problems (mechanism of disease)
treatments
what conditions are covered by ACD
what we would see to three types of cell in ACD/ARF, and one or two reasons these may be high or low
check these against Session 6 lecture 1
do it
check it against session 6 lecture 1
include Uremia: what is it and its effects
include the hepcidin effects ect
without notes create a page of notes on the heamolytic problems associated with Rheumatoid arthritis
if you have done this once or twice, try and explain it out loud instead
the key features of the disease and why it causes problems (mechanism of disease)
what is seen on the patient
treatments
give the specific example think trianlge
what we would see to three types of cell in RH, and one or two reasons these may be high or low
check these against Session 6 lecture 1
check against session 6 lec 1
include feltys syndrome, a triad
without notes create a page of notes on the heamolytic problems associated with liver disease
if you have done this once or twice, try and explain it out loud instead
causes and effects
the key features of the disease and why it causes problems (mechanism of disease)
what we would see to three types of cell in liver disease, and one or two reasons these may be high or low
what would we see on a blood film
check these against Session 6 lecture 1
include issues created with clotting cascade, thrombocytopenia - why does liver disease cause this
gastric varicies and their issues
dont worry too much about features caused by specific issues but do try with them
spur and target cells
without notes create a page of notes on the heamolytic problems associated with post Op and infection
if you have done this once or twice, try and explain it out loud instead
what we would see to three types of cell in post Op and infection, and one or two reasons these may be high or low
check these against Session 6 lecture 1
check against lecture
separate the slides for haematological changes in post op and infection
this entire one is no that key
what can sepsis lead too
DIC - disseminated intravasuclar coagulation
the activation of clotting cascade simultaneously over all the vasculature
consumes clotting factors and can cause a MAHA due to fibrin tearing cells
treat underlying cause and give clotting factors and platlets ect
what would we see on a blood smear for cancer ?
think low and high, and check of the lecture
what is a leucoerthroblastic film
only get a couple of the reasons this may happen, not all of them
see immature white and red cells
Granulocyte precursors and nucleated RBC on blood film - pushed out from the marrow due to
Sepsis/shock Bone marrow infiltration by carcinoma or haematological malignancy Severe megaloblastic anaemia Primary Myelofibrosis AML/MDS Storage diseases
