session 6-8

Question 1

four types of data

Answer 1

nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio

Question 2

nominal date is:

Answer 2

Nominal data do not obey any quantitative relationship or any order

Question 3

ordinal data is:

Answer 3

Ordinal data have categories that represent increasing or decreasing magnitude of a specified attribute but no consistency between values

Question 4

internval data is:

Answer 4

Interval data have categories that are equally spaced and have true numerical value, but has no true zero

Question 5

ratio data is:

Answer 5

Ratio data have categories that are equally spaced, have numerical value and a true zero

Question 6

classification is:

Answer 6

Classification – items sorted into groups which differ in a nominal manner

Question 7

grading it:

Answer 7

Grading – Methods used in commerce which depend on expert graders

Question 8

ranking is:

Answer 8

Ranking – Items arranged in order of intensity of a specific attribute

Question 9

scaling is

Answer 9

Scaling – Items arranged in order by a reference to a scale of numbers

Question 10

placing a line across a line with not bitter at one end and extremely bitter on the other is considered

Answer 10

scaling

Question 11

Normal Distribution is

Answer 11

Normal Distribution - mean, median and mode coincide (bell-shaped symmetrical curve)

Question 12

non-normal distribution is

Answer 12

Non-normal Distribution - mean, median and mode do not coincide (asymmetrical curve)

Question 13

Descriptive statistic :

Answer 13

Descriptive statistics summarises the data

Question 14

inferential statistics

Answer 14

Inferential statistics draws conclusions about the population based on a sample

Question 15

measure of central tendency

Answer 15

Measures of central tendency include mean, median and mode

Question 16

measure of dispersion

Answer 16

Measures of dispersion include variance, standard deviation and standard error

Question 17

null hypothesis is

Answer 17

The null hypothesis states that samples are not different (Ho: A = B)

Question 18

alternative hypothesis is

Answer 18

The alternative hypothesis states that they are different (Ha: A ≠ B)

Question 19

type 1 error

Answer 19

Type I error - risk of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true

Question 20

type 2 error

Answer 20

Type II error - risk of not rejecting the null hypothesis when it is not true

Question 21

sensory is split into two categories

Answer 21

objective = discrimination, descriptive

Subjective = affective

Question 22

discrimination is

Answer 22

difference and sensitivity

Question 23

descriptive is

Answer 23

descriptive analysis and attribute rating

Question 24

affective is

Answer 24

Qualitative and Quantitative

Question 25

difference is

Answer 25

overall difference and attribute different( triangle duo-trio, two out of five) and (paired comparison)

Question 26

sensitivity is

Answer 26

threshold and dilution

Question 27

category scaling, line scaling, ratio scaling is

Answer 27

attribute

Question 28

flavour profile, texture profile, quantitative is

Answer 28

descriptive analysis

Question 29

qualitative is

Answer 29

focus group

Question 30

quantitative is

Answer 30

acceptance(=hedonic) and preference (=paired comparison and preference ranking)

Question 31

alpha risk is

Answer 31

α risk - probability of concluding that a difference exists when it does not

Question 32

beta risk is

Answer 32

β risk - probability of concluding that no difference exists when one does

Question 33

true or false Discrimination tests are used to determine if a difference or similarity exists between samples

Answer 33

true

Question 34

pd =

Answer 34

pd – population of distinguishers