Session 5 - Hospital Aquired Immunity Flashcards
What are hospital acquired infections
Infections arising as a consequence of providing healthcare is not present or incubating at time of admission and which onset is at least 48 hours after admission
who do hospital acquired infection affect
patients. healthcare workers and visitors
why is there impact of hospital acquired infections on health care organisations
- due to an increased length of stat
- cost of antibiotics
what is the most common type of hospital acquired infection
UTI
give examples of healthcare acquired viruses
- norovirus
- influenza
- chickenpox
give examples of healthcare acquired bacteria
- clostridium difficile
- E. coli
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
give examples of healthcare acquired fungi
- candida albicans
give examples of healthcare acquired parasites
- malaria
in what types of patients are healthcare acquired infections most common in
- extremes of age
- obese/malnourished
- diabetic
- cancer
- immunosuppressed
- smoker
- surgical patient
what are the 4 P’s of prevention and control
Patient, Pathogen, Practice, Place
what causes most healthcare acquired infections
transfer of pathogens between patients
what general things can be done to prevent patients transferring pathogens
- antimicrobial prophylaxis
- skin preparation with disinfectant
- hand hygiene
- halting patient interaction via barriers such a isolation
what specific things can be done to prevent patients transferring bacteria
- MRSA screening
- disinfectant body wash
how does an infectious disease room prevent the spread of pathogens
- there is a higher pressure between the doors so they cant be opened at the same time
- patients room is at a lower pressure so air wont move out
- middle is at a higher pressure so air from corridor wont move in
how can you prevent healthcare workers from developing infections
- vaccinations
- hand hygiene
- Personal protective equipment (gloves, mask, apron)
