Session 3

Question 1

What is curtailment ? What causes it ?

Answer 1

Curtailment = When a renewable plant could generate electricity, but the grid cannot accept it

→ Causes:
- Transmission bottlenecks
- Local oversupply vs. insufficient demand

Question 2

What are Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) and what are they used for ?

Answer 2

IAMs combine economic, energy, and climate system modeling.

to simulate future pathways
&
assess how different actions lead to specific temperature outcomes.

used to inform international climate policy

Question 3

What’s the difference between C1 vs C2 Pathways in AR6 report ?

Answer 3

C1 Warming limited to 1.5°C with no or minimal overshoot (P1-2-3)

C2 Allows for temporary overshoot above 1.5°C before returning below (P4)

Question 4

What does a country’s electricity mix depend on ?

Answer 4

○ Geography (e.g. potential for hydro, solar, wind)
○ Historical policy choices (e.g. France’s early nuclear push)

Question 5

What are cons of CCS

Answer 5

• not scalable
• Decrease power plan efficiency
• Low learning rate

Question 6

Give the Kaya identity equation

Answer 6

a math equation to understand sources of emissions change

CO2 emissions = pop x GDP/capita x Energy intensity of GDP x carbon intensity of energy

= pop x (GDP/capita) x (energy/GDP) x (CO2/energy)