Session 2- Development Flashcards
Name the three stages of the kidney in development
Pronephron, mesonephron, metanephron
At what week does the kidney start producing urine
Week 12
Define oligohydramnios and name a cause
Low amniotic fluid from renal agenesis
What is the mesonephron composed of
A mesonephric duct and mesonephric tubules. Sprouts the ureteric bud
What does the mesonephric duct become in Ms and Fs
Males- vas deferens
Females- regresses
What is the ureteric bud
Buds off the mesonephron and becomes the collecting system for the metanephron
What is the functional tissue of the kidney formed from
The metanephric blastema
What does the urorectal septum do
Separates the cloca into urethral and rectal passages
What happens if the urorectal septum doesn’t work
Get a urorectal fistula (urethra and rectum are connected into one opening)
What is the cloaca
Urogenitorectal passage
What is the allantois
Diverticulum of the yolk sac, during folding becomes involved in bladder formation
What does the allantois become
The urachus
What does the urachus become
The median umbilical ligament in adults
What happens if the urachus stays open at the umbilicus?
A urachal fistula, urine leaks from bellybutton
What is the urogenital ridge?
A region giving rise to embryonic kidney and gonad
What does the urogenital sinus become?
Pelvic part: Prostate & bulbourethral glands
Prostatic and membranous urethra
Phallic part: Spongy urethra
What is a pelvic kidney
Kidney fails to ascend
Why do kidneys often have accessory renal arteries
Because as they ascend they take arteries with them
What is a horseshoe kidney (other than lucky)
As kidneys ascend can get stuck on IMA and inferior poles fuse
What signals to the metanephric blastema to induce it to become the true kidney?
The ureteric bud
If the ureteric bud doesn’t signal to the metanephric blastema, what results?
Renal agenesis
Most common renal congenital abnormality?
Ureteral duplication
How does ureteral duplication occur?
If ureteric bud divides before entering the metanephric blastema then get two ureters from one kidney. One may be ectopic e.g. into vagina
Define hypospadia?
Meatus isn’t in penis (urethral folds failed to fuse lower down)
What does the urogenital sinus become?
Bladder, urethra
Lower vagina
Prostatic and penile urethra
What does the hindgut become?
Rectum
What does the ureteric bud become?
The collecting system i.e. minor calyxes, major calyxes, renal pelvis, ureter
What does the metanephric blastema become?
Bowman’s, PCT, LoH, DCT
