Session 12 Flashcards
What are the different types of shock?
Cardiogenic
Mechanical
Hypovalaemic
Distributive (septic & anaphylaxis)
Define Shock
Acute circulatory failure with either inadequate or inappropriately distributed tissue perfusion, resulting in generalised lack of oxygen supply to cells
What is Cardiogenic shock?
The heart is unable to eject enough blood
When can Cardiogenic shock occur?
In arrhythmias
Ischaemic cardiac damage
When can mechanical shock occur?
There is restriction on filling of the heart (eg cardiac tamponade)
Obstruction to blood flow through the lungs (eg PE)
What is Hypovalaemic shock?
Loss of fluid circulating volume
When can Hypovalaemic shock occur?
In a haemorrhage
How can you treat Hypovalaemic shock?
Infuse fluid with high protein content
How can you treat mechanical shock caused by cardiac tamponade?
Drain the pericardial sac
What are the 2 types of distributive shock?
Septic
Anaphylactic
What causes distributive shock?
Uncontrolled falls in peripheral resistance
How can sepsis lead to distributive shock?
Endotoxins released which cause increase vasodilation
How can you treat sepsis?
Adrenaline and antibiotics
What causes Analphylactic shock?
Release of Histamine from Mast cells causes vasodilation
How can you treat anaphylaxis?
Adrenaline
