Session 1 - Introduction to Psychology Flashcards
What is Psychology?
The science of how people think, feel and behave
What is health psychology designed to do?
Promotion and maintenance of health
Prevention and treatment of illness
What is the biomedical model of health?
Illness understood in terms of biological and physiology
What is the problem with the biomedical model?
Does not take into account psychological and social factors
Give two of the top causes of death at the beginning of the 20th century
- TB
- Pneumonia
- Measles
- Diptheria
Give two of the top causes of death at the end of the 20th century
• Heart disease
• Cancer
• Stroke
- Accidents
What is the biopsychosocial model?
Psychology (cognition, emotion and behaviour), Biology (Physiology, genetics and pathogens) and Social (social class, employment and social support) all contribute to health and illness
Why is human diversity relevant?
Have different health problems
Different lifestyles
Want different types of health service
What is the duty of good medical practice?
- You must treat patients fairly and with respect, whatever their life choices and beliefs.
- HOWEVER, if you have a conscientious objection, you must refer a patient on to a doctor who will provide care
What is a stereotype?
generalisations we make about specific social groups, and members of those groups
What is the basis of stereotypes?
- Stereotypes arise from the way in which store memories and organise knowledge
- Knowledge is stored as schemata, groups of related information
What is the function in terms of schemata?
- Social schemata, which gives you an idea about a typical group
- Prone to focusing on negative traits
- resistant to change
What is the purpose of a group?
- Source of identity and self esteem
* Helps to understand social environment
How can people treat groups different from their own?
• People are more likely to focus on negative traits of other groups
What does negative bias in stereotypes lead to?
• Prejudice, which leads to discrimination