Session 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Which vertebral level can the kidneys be found?
A
T11/T12
2
Q
What is the purpose of the bladder?
A
Storage of urine that empties periodically via the urethra
3
Q
What is the structure of the kidney?
A
Outer area - Cortex
Inner areas - Medulla
4
Q
What is the purpose of the kidney?
A
- Maintenance of a stable environment to enable function in all parts of the body
- Regulation by controlling the concentrations of key substance in extracellular fluid
- Excretion of waste products
- Endocrine via synthesis of renin, erythropoietin, prostaglandins
- Metabolism though the formation of the active form of vitamin D, catabolism of insulin, PTH and calcitonin
5
Q
What are body fluid compartments?
A
42L of water split into:
- 28L of intracellular fluid
- 14L of extracellular fluid.
14L of extracellular fluid split into:
- 11L of interstitial fluid
- 3L of intravascular fluid
6
Q
What is osmolality?
A
Solute per kilogram of solvent
