Sese Part 2

Question 0

Peripheral retina

Answer 0

Greater sensitivity to weak light
More rods in the periphery
200 rods

Question 1

Central retina

Answer 1

Higher visual acuity
Longer and fewer rods and cones
Number of optic=number of cones

Question 2

Light hyperpolarizes the rod

Answer 2

Bipolar

Ganglion cell

Question 3

Neighbor cones

Answer 3

Horizontal cells

Lateral

Question 4

Remember

Answer 4

Diffuse light excites the central bipolar cell but not its neighbor

Question 5

Excites the bipolar cellbut not its neighbors.
Direct excitation of the ganglion cell
No inhibition

Answer 5

Small spot

Question 6

Excites only the neighbors,
bipolar cell is inhibited no exitation
Ganglion down as well

Answer 6

A ring of light

Question 7

Enhances visual contrast

Horizontal cells output are always inhibitory

Answer 7

Lateral inhibition

Question 8

Sensitive to high intensity light and detects color

Answer 8

Cone vision

Question 9

Foveal cones of retina

Answer 9

Cones
Bipolar cells
Ganglion cells

Question 10

Sensitive to low intensity light

Answer 10

Pure rod vision

Question 11

Pure rod vision

Answer 11

Rods
Bipolar cells
Amacrine cells
Ganglion cells

Question 12

Relaese by amacrine cells

Answer 12

Neurotransmitter

Question 13

Excitatory

Answer 13

Glutamate

Question 14

Inhibitory

Answer 14

Gaba, glycine, dopamine, acetlycholine

Question 15

Melanin, black pigment

Prevents light reflection throughout the globe allowing clear vision

Answer 15

Albinism

Question 16

Visual acuity of 20/200

Answer 16

Albinos

Question 17

Visual area seen by an eye at a given instant

Answer 17

Field of vision

Question 18

Process of charting the fields of vision

Answer 18

Perimetry

Question 19

Lack of rods and cones in the retina overoptic disc

15 degrees lateral to the central point of vision

Answer 19

Blind spot

Question 20

Caused by damage to the optic nerve causes include glaucomas, immune reactions in the retina or toxic conditions like lead poisoning and excess tobacco

Answer 20

Scotomas

Question 21

Degeneration of parts of retina
Excessive melanin pigment
Blindness in peripheral field then gradually enroaches on the central areas

Answer 21

Retinitis pigmentosa

Question 22

Visual pathway

Answer 22

Visual field
Retina
Optic nerve
Optic chiasm
Optic tract
Lateral geniculate nucleus
Optic radiations
Primary visual cortex BA 17
Secondary BA18

Question 23

Eye adapt to extremely rapidly changing light conditions

Answer 23

Pupillary light reflex

Question 24

Parasympathectic stimulation excites the pupillary sphincter muscle to constrict the pupil

Answer 24

Miosis

Question 25

Sympa excites the radial fibers of the iris and causes dilation

Answer 25

Mydriasis

Question 26

Stimulation of retina sends impulses to edinger wetphal nucleus to constrict iris

Answer 26

Bright light

Question 27

Inhibition of reflex hence mydriasis

Answer 27

Darkness

Question 28

Loss of consensual pupillary light reflex

Answer 28

CN 3 lesion

Question 29

Loss of direct pupillary light reflex

Answer 29

CN2 lesion

Question 30

Calcarine fissure extending towards the occipital pole medial to each occipital cortex

Answer 30

BA 17

Question 31

Analysis and meaning to visualized objects occur | Lateral, anterior, superior and inferior to primary visual

Answer 31

BA 18

Question 32

No single wavelength of light Combination of all the wave length of the spectrum 3 types of combination

Answer 32

White light

Question 33

Blue Green Red

Answer 33

445 535 570

Question 34

505 nanometers

Answer 34

Absorption curveof the rodophsin

Question 35

Loss of red cones | Shortened wavelength

Answer 35

Protanope

Question 36

Loss of green cone | Normal wave length

Answer 36

Deuternope

Question 37

Genetic disorder that is x linked recessive | Males

Answer 37

Red-green blindness

Question 38

Infuenced by monocular and binocular cues

Answer 38

Depth perception

Question 39

If we know the range of sizes of people, cats

Answer 39

Previous familiarity

Question 40

As we move our heads or bodies, nearby objects appear to move more quickly than distant objects

Answer 40

Motion parallax

Question 41

Previous familiarity | Motion parallax

Answer 41

Monocular cues

Question 42

One eye is approximately 2 inches from the other causing a difference in what the two retinas perceive.

Answer 42

Stereopsis | Binocular cues

Question 43

Light resets the biological clock in accordance with the phase response curve

Answer 43

Sleep and wake cYcle

Question 44

Light sensitive portion of the eye that contains photoreceptors

Answer 44

Retina

Question 45

Responsible for light and color vision

Answer 45

Cones

Question 46

Detect the presence and absence of light

Answer 46

Rods