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Physiology Of Vision > Sese Part 2 > Flashcards

Sese Part 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Peripheral retina

A

Greater sensitivity to weak light
More rods in the periphery
200 rods

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1
Q

Central retina

A

Higher visual acuity
Longer and fewer rods and cones
Number of optic=number of cones

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2
Q

Light hyperpolarizes the rod

A

Bipolar

Ganglion cell

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3
Q

Neighbor cones

A

Horizontal cells

Lateral

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4
Q

Remember

A

Diffuse light excites the central bipolar cell but not its neighbor

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5
Q

Excites the bipolar cellbut not its neighbors.
Direct excitation of the ganglion cell
No inhibition

A

Small spot

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6
Q

Excites only the neighbors,
bipolar cell is inhibited no exitation
Ganglion down as well

A

A ring of light

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7
Q

Enhances visual contrast

Horizontal cells output are always inhibitory

A

Lateral inhibition

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8
Q

Sensitive to high intensity light and detects color

A

Cone vision

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9
Q

Foveal cones of retina

A

Cones
Bipolar cells
Ganglion cells

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10
Q

Sensitive to low intensity light

A

Pure rod vision

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11
Q

Pure rod vision

A

Rods
Bipolar cells
Amacrine cells
Ganglion cells

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12
Q

Relaese by amacrine cells

A

Neurotransmitter

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13
Q

Excitatory

A

Glutamate

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14
Q

Inhibitory

A

Gaba, glycine, dopamine, acetlycholine

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15
Q

Melanin, black pigment

Prevents light reflection throughout the globe allowing clear vision

A

Albinism

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16
Q

Visual acuity of 20/200

A

Albinos

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17
Q

Visual area seen by an eye at a given instant

A

Field of vision

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18
Q

Process of charting the fields of vision

A

Perimetry

19
Q

Lack of rods and cones in the retina overoptic disc

15 degrees lateral to the central point of vision

A

Blind spot

20
Q

Caused by damage to the optic nerve causes include glaucomas, immune reactions in the retina or toxic conditions like lead poisoning and excess tobacco

A

Scotomas

21
Q

Degeneration of parts of retina
Excessive melanin pigment
Blindness in peripheral field then gradually enroaches on the central areas

A

Retinitis pigmentosa

22
Q

Visual pathway

A 
Visual field
Retina
Optic nerve
Optic chiasm
Optic tract
Lateral geniculate nucleus
Optic radiations
Primary visual cortex BA 17
Secondary BA18
23
Q

Eye adapt to extremely rapidly changing light conditions

A

Pupillary light reflex

24
Q

Parasympathectic stimulation excites the pupillary sphincter muscle to constrict the pupil

A

Miosis

25
Q

Sympa excites the radial fibers of the iris and causes dilation

A

Mydriasis

26
Q

Stimulation of retina sends impulses to edinger wetphal nucleus to constrict iris

A

Bright light

27
Q

Inhibition of reflex hence mydriasis

A

Darkness

28
Q

Loss of consensual pupillary light reflex

A

CN 3 lesion

29
Q

Loss of direct pupillary light reflex

A

CN2 lesion

30
Q

Calcarine fissure extending towards the occipital pole medial to each occipital cortex

A

BA 17

31
Q

Analysis and meaning to visualized objects occur

Lateral, anterior, superior and inferior to primary visual

A

BA 18

32
Q

No single wavelength of light
Combination of all the wave length of the spectrum
3 types of combination

A

White light

33
Q

Blue
Green
Red

A

445
535
570

34
Q

505 nanometers

A

Absorption curveof the rodophsin

35
Q

Loss of red cones

Shortened wavelength

A

Protanope

36
Q

Loss of green cone

Normal wave length

A

Deuternope

37
Q

Genetic disorder that is x linked recessive

Males

A

Red-green blindness

38
Q

Infuenced by monocular and binocular cues

A

Depth perception

39
Q

If we know the range of sizes of people, cats

A

Previous familiarity

40
Q

As we move our heads or bodies, nearby objects appear to move more quickly than distant objects

A

Motion parallax

41
Q

Previous familiarity

Motion parallax

A

Monocular cues

42
Q

One eye is approximately 2 inches from the other causing a difference in what the two retinas perceive.

A

Stereopsis

Binocular cues

43
Q

Light resets the biological clock in accordance with the phase response curve

A

Sleep and wake cYcle

44
Q

Light sensitive portion of the eye that contains photoreceptors

A

Retina

45
Q

Responsible for light and color vision

A

Cones

46
Q

Detect the presence and absence of light

A

Rods

Physiology Of Vision (2 decks)

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