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Gr 12 Courses > SES4U - Exploration > Flashcards

SES4U - Exploration Flashcards

1
Q

How big are Dwarf Planet/Satellites Approximately

A

1 Megametre

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2
Q

Dwarf Planet

A

“almost planets” 2/3

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3
Q

Satellite

A

Orbits around Planets

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4
Q

Planet

A

Big, Bad Ball goes around the sun 3/3

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5
Q

What makes a planet orbit fast or slow

A

Moves faster around the sun when closer,

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6
Q

What shape does the comet make when orbiting the sun

A

Elispses

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7
Q

What shape does the comet make when orbiting the sun

A

Ellipses (Speeds up when closer to the sun)

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8
Q

Celestial Objects

A

Anything out in space, they can be either solids/blob or clusters/collection

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9
Q

What do we measure the distance between planets

A

AU - Astronomical Unit, 150 million Km

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10
Q

The distance between in the galaxy measured in ?

A

Light years = 9.38 x 10^12km or 60,000 AU

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11
Q

Lightyear?

A

Distance that light travels in one year

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12
Q

Timekeeping and astronomy

A

Astrology is filled with cycles
stars/sun set - days
moon phases - months
earth rotates around sun - years

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13
Q

Navigation and astronomy

A

NorthStar use for navigation

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14
Q

Astrology

A

pseudoscience
connecting/central by the heaven “Attempting to explain to observation”

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15
Q

Eratosthene c.250BC

A

Pole and and a well
sun over head at we;;
angle at pole with right angle
find angle and use distance to solve

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16
Q

Navigation and astronomy

A

Northstar use for navigation

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17
Q

Ptolemy c.200CE

A

Geocentric model
in the western world - Ptolemaic model
This explained what was happening in the sky, and felt good too makes us feel important

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18
Q

Retrograde

A

orbital or rotational motion of an object in the direction opposite the rotation of its primary, (backward epicycles)

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19
Q

Heliocentric Model

A

Sun centered model

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20
Q

Motion of the stars - Arguments for geo and helio

A

Geo - Stars are fixed to a heavenly sphere that rotates around us
Helio - Earth rotates around the sun

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21
Q

Star Parallax - Arguments for geo and helio

A

Geo -No obeserved stellar parallax(star shifting), so we must always be positioned in the same spot
Helio - They do shift; They’re just too far to see it visually

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22
Q

Changing appearance of planets - Arguments for geo and helio

A

Geo - Planets experience retorgrade motion and get brighter/dimmer, so they must follow their own epicycles
Helio - also explain retrograde motion but much simpler

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23
Q

Phases of Venus - Arguments for geo and helio

A

Geo - huh!
Helio - we see venus/sun at diff angle

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24
Q

Galilean Satellites

A

Geo - whaaaa?
Helio - Things can orbit anything else

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25
Q

Sunspots

A

Geo - uhhhhh
Helio - Sun rotates why not earth

26
Q

Copernicus c.1500

A

Proposed the a heliocentric model
where earth rotates but planets still follow epicycles
this explain equinoxes and was much simpler then Ptolemy model
But it meant the earth move, therefore church no like

27
Q

Tycho & Keplers (late 1500’s)

A

Brage recorded the measurements, kepler formulated his three laws of planetary motion based on them

28
Q

Galileo (early 1600’s)

A

First to use a telescope for astronomy
found 4 satellites orbiting Jupiter
not explained with geo but explained with Helilo

29
Q

Kepler’s first Law

A

Planets orbit the sun in ellipses; sun on foci
Ellipses are ovals
You can calculate how stretched a circle is
e = c/a
c = the distance between the two foci
a = when the radius is the largest ( semi major axis)

planets have a e of 0 - 0.2
circle has e of = 0
comets have a e of 0.2 - 1
if e > then 1 its a parabola

30
Q

Eccentricity

A

how stretched a circle is

31
Q

Kepler’s Second Law

A

Planets sweep out equal areas in equal amounts of time
triangle?

32
Q

Kepler’s Third Law

A

The square of a planets period is proportional to the cube of its semi major axis
P^2 = ka^3
p in earth years
a in semi major axis

33
Q

Where is the surface of gas planets

A

Atmosphree of earth must = gas planet thingie

34
Q

Angular height?

A

Altitude

35
Q

Angular distance

A

Azimuth

36
Q

What do we call the poles

A

celestial poles

37
Q

Zenith?

A

Point directly overhead us at current point

38
Q

nadir

A

The point directly under

39
Q

Equatorial grid

A

As if all objects in space are fixed on a sphere that we’re inside of, like an inside out globe

40
Q

Longitude of a equatorial grid

A

Right ascension, Hours, mins, seconds

41
Q

Latitude of a equatorial grid

A

Declination, Deg, min, secs

42
Q

Circumpolar Stars

A

Stars that never set

43
Q

What declination is stars circumpolar in the north, south, and center of the earth

A

45> - north
non - center
? - south

44
Q

Ecliptic

A

A path that follows all the constellations, and planets; the plane of Earth’s orbit around the Sun. It extends beyond that to include the seven other planets

45
Q

Asterisms

A

A familiar grouping of stars

46
Q

Why are days in junes loner

A

Because the earth is tilted towards the sun and the sun shines more directly onto our part of the earth vice versa for december, shorter days due to the shallower angle

47
Q

Solstices for winter and summer

A

Dec 21 and June 21

47
Q

Solstices for winter and summer

A

Dec 21 and June 21

48
Q

Equinoxes

A

Vernal equinox - spring march 21
autunnol Equinox - fall sept 23
*equal Day

49
Q

Sidereal day

A

How long it takes stars to be in view
23 hrs, 56mins and 4 sec

50
Q

solar day

A

24hrs and sun backed

51
Q

Light

A

The transfer of energy through a wave of ever changing electric and magnetic fields

52
Q

Colour of light we see?

A

Determined we see with wave length and frequency

53
Q

Incandenscence

A

Objects/material glow when they get got this produces a continuous spectrum
they get brighter and bluer when heated up

54
Q

Types of spectra

A

Continuous - Shows all diff colours
Emission line spectrum when atoms are energized and releases light (very specfic colours)
Absorption line spectrum select colours are absorbed because of different atoms

55
Q

Telescopes

A

giant eyes that collect light
Focus light and makes images look brighter

56
Q

two types of telescopes

A

refractor - lenses
refracts the light to a small point
reflectors - curved mirrors

57
Q

Larger diameter telescopes?

A

Collect and focus more light meanig they produce brighter images, also a higher resolution

58
Q

CCD

A

Digital sensors that are used to collect observations, cam ne used filters to capture images, or in combination with spectroscopes to record an object’s spectrum

59
Q

ISIM

A

Houses akk if webbs camera and science instruments

Gr 12 Courses (4 decks)

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