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Gr 12 Courses > SES4U - Exploration > Flashcards

SES4U - Exploration Flashcards

1
Q

How big are Dwarf Planet/Satellites Approximately

A

1 Megametre

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2
Q

Dwarf Planet

A

“almost planets” 2/3

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3
Q

Satellite

A

Orbits around Planets

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4
Q

Planet

A

Big, Bad Ball goes around the sun 3/3

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5
Q

What makes a planet orbit fast or slow

A

Moves faster around the sun when closer,

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6
Q

What shape does the comet make when orbiting the sun

A

Elispses

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7
Q

What shape does the comet make when orbiting the sun

A

Ellipses (Speeds up when closer to the sun)

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8
Q

Celestial Objects

A

Anything out in space, they can be either solids/blob or clusters/collection

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9
Q

What do we measure the distance between planets

A

AU - Astronomical Unit, 150 million Km

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10
Q

The distance between in the galaxy measured in ?

A

Light years = 9.38 x 10^12km or 60,000 AU

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11
Q

Lightyear?

A

Distance that light travels in one year

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12
Q

Timekeeping and astronomy

A

Astrology is filled with cycles
stars/sun set - days
moon phases - months
earth rotates around sun - years

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13
Q

Navigation and astronomy

A

NorthStar use for navigation

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14
Q

Astrology

A

pseudoscience
connecting/central by the heaven “Attempting to explain to observation”

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15
Q

Eratosthene c.250BC

A

Pole and and a well
sun over head at we;;
angle at pole with right angle
find angle and use distance to solve

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16
Q

Navigation and astronomy

A

Northstar use for navigation

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17
Q

Ptolemy c.200CE

A

Geocentric model
in the western world - Ptolemaic model
This explained what was happening in the sky, and felt good too makes us feel important

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18
Q

Retrograde

A

orbital or rotational motion of an object in the direction opposite the rotation of its primary, (backward epicycles)

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19
Q

Heliocentric Model

A

Sun centered model

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20
Q

Motion of the stars - Arguments for geo and helio

A

Geo - Stars are fixed to a heavenly sphere that rotates around us
Helio - Earth rotates around the sun

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21
Q

Star Parallax - Arguments for geo and helio

A

Geo -No obeserved stellar parallax(star shifting), so we must always be positioned in the same spot
Helio - They do shift; They’re just too far to see it visually

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22
Q

Changing appearance of planets - Arguments for geo and helio

A

Geo - Planets experience retorgrade motion and get brighter/dimmer, so they must follow their own epicycles
Helio - also explain retrograde motion but much simpler

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23
Q

Phases of Venus - Arguments for geo and helio

A

Geo - huh!
Helio - we see venus/sun at diff angle

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24
Q

Galilean Satellites

A

Geo - whaaaa?
Helio - Things can orbit anything else

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25
Sunspots
Geo - uhhhhh Helio - Sun rotates why not earth
26
Copernicus c.1500
Proposed the a heliocentric model where earth rotates but planets still follow epicycles this explain equinoxes and was much simpler then Ptolemy model But it meant the earth move, therefore church no like
27
Tycho & Keplers (late 1500's)
Brage recorded the measurements, kepler formulated his three laws of planetary motion based on them
28
Galileo (early 1600's)
First to use a telescope for astronomy found 4 satellites orbiting Jupiter not explained with geo but explained with Helilo
29
Kepler's first Law
Planets orbit the sun in ellipses; sun on foci Ellipses are ovals You can calculate how stretched a circle is e = c/a c = the distance between the two foci a = when the radius is the largest ( semi major axis) planets have a e of 0 - 0.2 circle has e of = 0 comets have a e of 0.2 - 1 if e > then 1 its a parabola
30
Eccentricity
how stretched a circle is
31
Kepler's Second Law
Planets sweep out equal areas in equal amounts of time triangle?
32
Kepler's Third Law
The square of a planets period is proportional to the cube of its semi major axis P^2 = ka^3 p in earth years a in semi major axis
33
Where is the surface of gas planets
Atmosphree of earth must = gas planet thingie
34
Angular height?
Altitude
35
Angular distance
Azimuth
36
What do we call the poles
celestial poles
37
Zenith?
Point directly overhead us at current point
38
nadir
The point directly under
39
Equatorial grid
As if all objects in space are fixed on a sphere that we're inside of, like an inside out globe
40
Longitude of a equatorial grid
Right ascension, Hours, mins, seconds
41
Latitude of a equatorial grid
Declination, Deg, min, secs
42
Circumpolar Stars
Stars that never set
43
What declination is stars circumpolar in the north, south, and center of the earth
45> - north non - center ? - south
44
Ecliptic
A path that follows all the constellations, and planets; the plane of Earth's orbit around the Sun. It extends beyond that to include the seven other planets
45
Asterisms
A familiar grouping of stars
46
Why are days in junes loner
Because the earth is tilted towards the sun and the sun shines more directly onto our part of the earth vice versa for december, shorter days due to the shallower angle
47
Solstices for winter and summer
Dec 21 and June 21
47
Solstices for winter and summer
Dec 21 and June 21
48
Equinoxes
Vernal equinox - spring march 21 autunnol Equinox - fall sept 23 *equal Day
49
Sidereal day
How long it takes stars to be in view 23 hrs, 56mins and 4 sec
50
solar day
24hrs and sun backed
51
Light
The transfer of energy through a wave of ever changing electric and magnetic fields
52
Colour of light we see?
Determined we see with wave length and frequency
53
Incandenscence
Objects/material glow when they get got this produces a continuous spectrum they get brighter and bluer when heated up
54
Types of spectra
Continuous - Shows all diff colours Emission line spectrum when atoms are energized and releases light (very specfic colours) Absorption line spectrum select colours are absorbed because of different atoms
55
Telescopes
giant eyes that collect light Focus light and makes images look brighter
56
two types of telescopes
refractor - lenses refracts the light to a small point reflectors - curved mirrors
57
Larger diameter telescopes?
Collect and focus more light meanig they produce brighter images, also a higher resolution
58
CCD
Digital sensors that are used to collect observations, cam ne used filters to capture images, or in combination with spectroscopes to record an object's spectrum
59
ISIM
Houses akk if webbs camera and science instruments

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