serum enzyme diagnosis Flashcards
What is the purpose of serum enzyme diagnosis?
To detect and monitor diseases by measuring enzyme levels in the blood.
Example: Serum enzyme diagnosis is commonly used to assess liver function and detect heart muscle damage.
Which enzyme is commonly measured to diagnose myocardial infarction?
Troponin, though historically CK-MB was used.
Example: Troponin levels are frequently checked in suspected heart attacks.
What does elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) indicate?
Liver damage or hepatitis.
Elevated ALT levels can suggest liver inflammation or injury.
Which enzyme is most specific for pancreatitis diagnosis?
Serum lipase.
Serum lipase is considered more specific for pancreatitis compared to amylase.
What does elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) suggest?
Liver damage, but can also be elevated in heart and muscle diseases.
AST levels can indicate liver problems but are not specific to the liver.
Which enzyme level is used to assess cholestasis?
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
Elevated ALP levels can indicate blockage of bile flow.
How is lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) used in diagnosis?
LDH is elevated in tissue damage, hemolysis, and some cancers.
LDH levels can be used to detect tissue damage or red blood cell destruction.
What condition is indicated by elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels?
Muscle damage, including rhabdomyolysis.
CK levels can be elevated in muscle injuries or diseases.
What is the significance of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) elevation?
It indicates liver dysfunction, particularly due to alcohol consumption.
GGT levels can be used as a marker for liver damage, especially from excessive alcohol intake.
Which enzyme is measured to diagnose prostate cancer?
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), although not an enzyme, is closely related.
PSA levels are commonly checked in prostate cancer screening.
What does an elevated amylase level indicate?
Acute pancreatitis or other pancreatic disorders.
Amylase levels can be elevated in pancreatic diseases.
Why is serum cholinesterase measured?
To assess liver function and to detect exposure to certain insecticides.
Cholinesterase levels can help evaluate liver health and pesticide exposure.
What does elevated acid phosphatase indicate?
Prostate cancer or other conditions like Gaucher’s disease.
Acid phosphatase levels can be elevated in certain diseases.
Which enzyme is elevated in bone diseases like Paget’s disease?
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
ALP levels can be increased in conditions affecting bone metabolism.
What is the clinical significance of elevated 5’-nucleotidase?
It indicates liver disease, particularly cholestasis.
Elevated 5’-nucleotidase levels can suggest liver problems, especially related to bile flow.
