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Serology > Serology Rationale 2 > Flashcards

Serology Rationale 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which immunoglobulin(s) help(s) initiate the classical complement pathway?

a. IgA and IgD
b. IgM only
c. IgG and IgM
d. IgG only

A

c. IgG and IgM

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2
Q

Mannose-binding protein in the lectin pathway is most similar to which classical component pathway component?

a. C3
b. C1rs
c. C1q
d. C4

A

c. C1q

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3
Q

Factor H acts by competing with which of the following for the same binding site?

a. Factor B
b. Factor D
c. C3B
d. Factor I

A

a. Factor B

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4
Q

Hereditary deficiency of early complement components (C1, C4 and C2) is associated with:

a. Pneumococcal septicemia
b. Small bowel obstruction
c. Systemic lupus erythematosus
d. Gonococcemia

A

c. Systemic lupus erythematosus

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5
Q

Hereditary deficiency of late complement components (C5, C6, C7 or C8) can be associated with which of the following conditions?

a. Pneumococcal septicemia
b. Small bowel obstruction
c. Systemic lupus erythematosus
d. Gonococcemia

A

d. Gonococcemia

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6
Q

Hereditary angioedema is characterized by:

a. Decreased activity of C3
b. Decreased activity of C1 esterase inhibitor
c. Increased activity of C1 esterase inhibitor
d. Increased activity of C2

A

b. Decreased activity of C1 esterase inhibitor

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7
Q

Elevated IgE levels are typically found in:

a. Type I hypersensitivity reactions
b. Type II hypersensitivity reaction
c. Type III hypersensitivity reaction
d. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction

A

a. Type I hypersensitivity reactions

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8
Q

In skin tests, a wheal and flare development is indicative of:

a. Immediate hypersensitivity
b. Delayed hypersensitivity
c. Anergy
d. Arthus reaction

A

a. Immediate hypersensitivity

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9
Q

Incompatible blood transfusions are examples of:

a. Type I hypersensitivity reactions
b. Type II hypersensitivity reaction
c. Type III hypersensitivity reaction
d. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction

A

b. Type II hypersensitivity reaction

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10
Q

What is the immune phenomenon associated with the Arthus reaction?

a. Tissue destruction by cytotoxic T cells
b. Deposition of immune complexes in blood vessels
c. Removal of antibody-coated RBCs
d. Release of histamine from mast cells

A

b. Deposition of immune complexes in blood vessels

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11
Q

Contact dermatitis is mediated by:

a. B lymphocytes
b. T lymphocytes
c. Macrophages
d. PMNs

A

b. T lymphocytes

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12
Q

A patient deficient in the C3 complement component would be expected to mount a normal:

a. Type I and IV hypersensitivity response
b. Type II and IV hypersensitivity response
c. Type I and III hypersensitivity response
d. Type II and III hypersensitivity response

A

a. Type I and IV hypersensitivity response

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13
Q

Individuals who are at risk for ankylosing spondylitis have inherited which one of the following alleles?

a. HLA-A3
b. HLA-B8
c. HLA-B27
d. HLA-B7

A

c. HLA-B27

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14
Q 
Individuals who are at risk for rheumatoid arthritis have inherited which one of the following alleles?
a, HLA-A3
b. HLA-B27
c. HLA-B7
d. HLA-DR4
A

d. HLA-DR4

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15
Q

The concentration of hCG is generally at a particular level in serum about 2 to 3 days after implantation. This is the concentration at which most sensitive laboratory assays can give a positive serum hCG result. What is the lowest level of hormone for which most current serum hCG tests can give a positive result?

a. 25 mIU/mL
b. 50 mIU/mL
c. 100 mIU/mL
d. 100,000 mIU/mL

A

a. 25 mIU/mL

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16
Q

CA-15.3 is used conditionally in the monitoring of:

a. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
b. Colonic adenocarcinoma
c. Breast adenocarcinoma
d. Hairy cell leukemia

A

c. Breast adenocarcinoma

17
Q

Destruction of myelin sheath of axons caused by the presence of antibody is characteristic of which disease?

a. Multiple sclerosis
b. Myasthenia gravis
c. Grave’s disease
d. Goodpasture’s syndrome

A

a. Multiple sclerosis

18
Q

Which disease might be indicated by antibodies to smooth muscle?

a. Atrophic gastritis
b. Chronic active hepatitis
c. Myasthenia gravis
d. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

A

b. Chronic active hepatitis

19
Q

High titers of antimicrosomal antibodies are most often found in:

a. Rheumatoid arthritis
b. SLE
c. Chronic hepatitis
d. Thyroid disease

A

d. Thyroid disease

20
Q

Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody is most often associated with this condition:

a. SLE
b. Celiac disease
c. Chronic active hepatitis
d. Goodpasture syndrome

A

d. Goodpasture syndrome

21
Q

An autoimmune disease causing destruction of pancreatic cells can result in:

a. Hashimoto’s disease
b. Multiple sclerosis
c. Myasthenia gravis
d. Type 1 diabetes

A

d. Type 1 diabetes

22
Q

A positive ANA with the pattern of anticentromere antibodies is most frequently seen in patients with:

a. Rheumatoid arthritis
b. SLE
c. CREST syndrome
d. Sjorgen syndrome

A

c. CREST syndrome

23
Q

This T cell defect is a congenital anomaly that represents faulty embryogenesis, which results in aplasia of the parathyroid and thymus glands:

a. DiGeorge syndrome
b. Bruton agammaglobulinemia
c. Ataxia telangiectasia
d. Wiskott Aldrich syndrome

A

a. DiGeorge syndrome

24
Q

Which of the following statements applies to Bruton’s X-linked agammaglobulinemia?

a. It typically appears in females
b. T cells are abnormal
c. There is a lack of circulating CD19+ B cells
d. There is a lack of pre-B cells in the bone marrow

A

c. There is a lack of circulating CD19+ B cells

25
Q

Immunodeficiency with thrombocytopenia and eczema is often referred to as:

a. DiGeorge syndrome
b. Bruton agammaglobulinemia
c. Ataxia telanglectasia
d. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

A

d. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

26
Q

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is an:

a. Immunodeficiency with decreased B cells and neutrophils
b. Immunodeficiency with lymphocytopenia and eosinophilia
c. Immunodeficiency with decreased or dysfunctional T and B cells
d. Immunodeficiency with decreased lymphocytes and decreased complement concentration

A

c. Immunodeficiency with decreased or dysfunctional T and B cells

27
Q

Corneal tissue may be transplanted successfully from one patient to another because:
a, The cornea is non-antigenic
b. Corneal antigens do not activate T cells
c. Anti-corneal antibodies are easily suppressed
d. The cornea occupies a privilege site not usually seen by the immune system

A

d. The cornea occupies a privilege site not usually seen by the immune system

28
Q

Which of the following is characteristic of the end-point method of RID?

a. Readings are taken before equivalence
b. Concentration is directly in proportional to the square of the diameter
c. The diameter is plotted against the log of the concentration
d. It is primarily a qualitative rather than a quantitative method

A

b. Concentration is directly in proportional to the square of the diameter

29
Q

All are true for Mancini RID technique, except:

a. Involves measurements of the diameters after diffusion has ceased
b. Requires 2 to 3 days before results are available
c. Preferable since results are available much sooner
d. Provides a more reliable estimation of low levels of antigen

A

c. Preferable since results are available much sooner

30
Q

In which of the following tests is patient antigen determined by measuring the number of non agglutinating particles left after the reaction has taken place?

a. Direct agglutination
b. Coagglutination
c. PACIA
d. Coomb’s testing

A

c. PACIA

31
Q

Diagnostic reagents useful for detecting antigen by the coagglutination reaction may be prepared by binding antibody to killed staphylococcal protein A. The class of antibody bound by this protein is:

a. IgA
b. IgD
c. IgG
d. IgM

A

c. IgG

32
Q

A classic technique for the detection of viral antibodies is:

a. Passive hemagglutination
b. Indirect hemagglutination
c. Hemagglutination inhibition
d. Latex particle agglutination

A

c. Hemagglutination inhibition

33
Q

In the complement fixation procedure, a negative result is manifested by:

a. Antigen-binding
b. Lysis of guinea pig cells
c. Lysis of sheep RBCs
d. Agglutination of sheep RBCs

A

c. Lysis of sheep RBCs

34
Q

To inactivate complement in serum, the serum should be:

a. Frozen at -18C
b. Incubated at 37C
c. Incubated at 37C for 30 mins
d. Incubated at 56C for 30 mins

A

d. Incubated at 56C for 30 mins

35
Q

If the results of serum protein electrophoresis show a significant decrease in the gamma band, which of the following is a likely possibility?

a. Normal response to active infection
b. Immunodeficiency disorder
c. Multiple myeloma
d. Monoclonal gammopathy

A

b. Immunodeficiency disorder

Serology (2 decks)

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