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ViS DIS serology > Serology 2 > Flashcards

Serology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 ways that immunoglobulins and antibodies are measured?

A
  1. Quantitative& Qualitative
  2. Agglutinin Titers
  3. Antibody Titers
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2
Q

__________ is a screening test to semiquantitatively measure various proteins which are electrically separated.

A

Electrophoresis

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3
Q

___ and ____- lymphocytes are derived from bone marrow stem cells?

A

B and T- lymphocytes

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4
Q

_____ precursors migrate to the thymus.

A

T-Cell

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5
Q

_____ maturation occurs in the bone marrow and lymphoid tissue

A

B-Cell

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6
Q

T- cell = ________ immunity?

A

Cellular (cell-mediated)

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7
Q

B-cell= __________ immunity?

A

Humoral

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8
Q

During Cell mediated immunity (T-cell) macrophages become activated and interact with ___________?

A

T- Lymphocytes

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9
Q

This immunity is an inflammatory process that begins after non=specific detection and processing of infectious agents by macrophages

A

Cell-mediated

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10
Q

Phagocytosis and killing of infectious agents ensue during ______ immunity?

A

cell-mediated

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11
Q

Humoral immunity is:
A. T-Cell
B. B-Cell

A

B-Cell

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12
Q

With humoral immunity you can expect to see a rise in which Ig first then which other Ig?

A

IgM first then IgG

*maggy goes before ginny

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13
Q

What is the universal blood donor type?

A

O negative

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14
Q

________ are substances capable of binding to an antibody.

A

Antigen

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15
Q

________ is from the patients serum (produced by lymphocytes)

A

ANtibody

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16
Q

If the antigen (test) and the antobody (serum) form a reaction, ________ or ________ will occur.

A

agglutination or clumping

17
Q

would a decrease in titer result in a patient feeling better or worse?

A

Better

18
Q

1:256 ratio shows the second number representing the ________ of the organism

A

virulence (high is more virulent)

19
Q

The STD syphillis is caused by the _________ __________ pallidium.

A

spirochete treponema

20
Q

The primary stage of syphillis begins __-___ weeks after infection is recognized by a chancre.

A

3-4 weeks

21
Q

With primary syphillis is the chancre painful?

A

no Painless

22
Q

Which stage of syphillis goes systematic resulting in fever, malise, RASH, and may have CNS involvement.

A

secondary syphillis

23
Q

The teritary stage is ___-___ years post infection and are soft granulomatous lesions called _______.

A

3-10 years

Gummas

24
Q

Teritary syphillis may be asymptomatic or have CNS involvement known as (_________) leading to insanity

A

Neurosyphillis

25
Q

What type of joints are associated with teritary syphillis?

A

Charcot’s joints

26
Q

Nontreponemal (screening) test may be _______ in the teritary stage.

A

NEgative

27
Q

What is the exam of choice for finding T. Pallidum?

A

Darkfield exam (genital lesions)

28
Q

Is nontreponemal tests used in patients suspected of syphillis a screening or confirmatory test?

A

Screening

29
Q

T/F: Treponemal tests are confirmatory tests

A

True

30
Q

Nontreponemal tests include ________, ________. These test measure _______ and _____ antibodu and are NOT specific to T. Pallium.

A

VDRL, RPR

IgM and IgG

31
Q

____________ tests are used to confirm reactive nontreponemal tests as they are more sensitive.

A

Treponemal

32
Q

What is the MC etiology of charcot joints?

A

Diabetes, also common with teritary stage syphillis

33
Q

What is another name for charcot joints

A

Hypertrophic neurotrophic

34
Q

What is the name of the spirochete associated with lyme disease?

A

Barrelia burgdorferi

35
Q

what is the hallmark sign for lyme disease?

A

bulls eye rash

red macule at site of bite with erythema migrans

36
Q

What are 4 common early symptoms with lyme disease?

A

fever, HA, Fatigue, depression

37
Q

Can lyme disease influence the joints, heart and CNS?

A

Yes all are later symptoms if left untreated

38
Q

Lyme disease testing is recommended by the CDC; what two-tiered protocol is used?

A

ELISA (first) then a Western Blot is run

39
Q

non-specific with False positives common various AI diseases such as: (RA, Lupus, Mono, AIDS and ______)

A

nephritis

ViS DIS serology (2 decks)

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