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Laboratory Part 2 > Serological Testing > Flashcards

Serological Testing Flashcards

1
Q

What type of test is RPR?

A

Non-treponemal test for serologic detection of the antibody Reagin.

It is a screening test.

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2
Q

Why is Reagin produced?

A

It is produced in response to an infection of syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum.

Reagin is a phospholipid that acts like an antigen.

It is found in the serum/plasma of patients with syphilis.

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3
Q

What must be done when an RPR test is reactive?

A

Confirmation via a Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-absorbed Test (FTA-ABS)

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4
Q

What is present in a reactive RPR test?

A

Flocculation

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5
Q

For the FTA-ABS test, what two substances are placed onto the slide?

A

Dead T. pallidum and the patient’s serum.

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6
Q

If antibody is present in the serum of a patient infected with syphilis, what substance is added to detect the antibody?

A

Fluorescein-labeled anti-human globulin

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7
Q

How do you prepare serum or plasma samples for RPR testing?

A

Collect venous blood in tubes

  • Serum: tubes without anticoagulant (red/SST)
  • Plasma: tubes with anticoagulant (purple)

After centrifugation, serum should be clear and non-hemolyzed.

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8
Q

How do you mix the antigen suspension for RPR testing?

A

Vigorously for 10-15 seconds.

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9
Q

How many drops of specimen and antigen are dispensed onto the RPR testing card?

A

1 drop of specimen, then spread it around the circle

1 drop of antigen to each specimen and controls

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10
Q

How long do you place the RPR test card on the rotator, and at what speed?

A

8 minutes at 100rpm

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11
Q

How do you help differentiate non-reactive results from weakly active results in the RPR test?

A

Rotate and tilt the card by hand 3-4 times “to and fro”

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12
Q

How do you examine the RPR test card to read results?

A

Macroscopically under a high intensity lamp or strong daylight.

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13
Q

Reactive RPR test results shows flocculation ranging from:

A

Slight but definite.

Minimum to moderate.

Marked and intense.

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14
Q

What should be run with every batch of RPR tests to ensure accuracy and reliability of test results?

A

RPR Quality Controls.

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15
Q

RPR Quality Control starts with what?

A

Proper collection and handling of specimen.

Assaying control reagents.

Checking instrument performance.

  • Calibrate rotator to 100 rpm.
  • Calibrate antigen needle to 60 drops per 1mL.
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16
Q

What control reagents do you use for the RPR test?

A

Reactive, weak-reactive and non-reactive controls.

17
Q

What is run every time an unknown RPR sample is tested?

A

Control reagents, which are treated like patients.

18
Q

What is a self-limiting disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus?

What is its typical population?

A

Infectious Mononucleosis.

Typically seen in young adults and children <5 years.

19
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of mono?

A

Fever, malaise, lethargy, sore throat with exudates, enlarged lymph nodes on the neck, mild hepatitis, enlarged spleen, blotchy skin.

20
Q

Mono causes the accumulation of increased numbers and abnormal forms of lymphocytes and monocytes in the lymph nodes, causing the formation of what antibody?

A

Heterophile Antibody

It is structurally similar to the antibody that is specifically produced as a response to antigen stimulation.

21
Q

What type of serum sample will you collect for the Monospot test?

A

Venous blood with or without anticoagulant.

After centrifugation it should be clear and non-hemolyzed.

22
Q

How soon can you test the Monospot specimen?

A

Within 24 hours of blood collection of stored between 2-8 C.

23
Q

How do you disperse and suspend the latex particles in the buffer solution of the monospot test?

A

Gently for 10-15 seconds. Do not shake vigorously.

24
Q

How many drops of specimen and latex reagent do you add to the monospot test?

A

1 of each, then mix together with stirrer.

25
Q

How long do you rotate the slide of the monospot test?

A

3 minutes manually or on a rotary set at 60-100rpm.

26
Q

What do you look for after 3 minutes of rotating the slide of the monospot test to see if your test is positive or negative?

A

Agglutination. The presence of agglutination means it is a positive test.

Negative test will demonstrate a smooth, homogenous solution.

Laboratory Part 2 (3 decks)

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