Series 7 Flashcards
ANALYSIS
Broadest money supply?
M3 or L
money supply
M1- all currency in circulation
M2- savings + CDs. time deposits
M3- jumbo CDs (100k)
L- savings bonds and money market instrucments
Net working capital, net worth
current assets- current liabilities
toootal oassets- total liabilities
loan rates
Prime- bank to instutition
broker call- bank to broker dealer.
customers- call loan +x%
Discount- US treasury to bank
Fed- bank to bank
Keynesian vs Supply side vs Monetarist
Keynseian- consumption drives growth. gov spending
Supply side- reganomics, taxation
Monetarist- FRB determines economic growth and monetary policy
Discount rate
FRB monetary tools
discount rate
open market operations- daily buying and selling treasury secuirities between fed dealers
Reserve requirement
FOMC
federal open market committee- manages open market secuirities used by FRB
Liquidity measures
net working capital
current ratio= assets/ liabilities
quick acid test ratio= assets- inventory/ liabilities
short interest theory
high indicates market oversold and ready for upturn
low shows overbought
CAPM
capital asset pricing model- reflects diversibiable and non diversifiable risk (market
-beta and alpha
beta and alpha
beta- expected return, compare to benchmark
alpha- specific stock. actual vs expected
blue chip companies
established american companies steady growth and dividends
Growth companies
high PE and low dividend
depreciation methods
straight line, double declining balance (acc), sum of years digits (acc)
Head and shoulders
top- reverse upwards
bottom- reverse downwards
Safety
current income
growth
aggressive growth
liquidity
bullet
barbell
ladder
bullet- same target date, bought over time. beneficial- interest rise. not lower
barbell- short and long term bonds average life near target date. best with variable interest rates
Ladder- bonds purchased one time with maturities at regular intervals. protects in rising interest rates
S&p 500
Willshire 5000
value line
russell 2000
s&p 500-
willshire- Broadest 3.5k issues
value line- very broad 1.7k.
Russell- 2k small cap
Pre-refunded GO bonds
safest municipal bond
escrowed by issuer with treasury or agency secuirities to be retired at near term call date.
AAA. shortish maturity
growth vs value
grwoth- stock appreciation rate
value- PE and price/book value ratios
allocations:
portfolio rebalancing
strategic asset management
tactical asset allocation
active asset managemenet
portfolio rebalancing- reallocation of funds into asset allocation model. overperforming assets, underperforming
strategic asset management- determination of percentage of assets in each class
tactical asset allocation- permited variation from fixed percetnages
active asset managemenet- pursuit of returns in excess of benchmark. Undervalued stocks
lead liquid
private placements
cost basis and sales proceeds
cost basis: sale price + commission
sales proceeds: sales price- commission
Capital gains: sales proceeds- cost basisis
Things that impact cost basis
stock splits- lower
spin off
Accretion vs Amoritization
accretion- discount below par, cost basis raised
Amortization- premium above par, cost basis lowered
Tax bond rules
Corporate- must or may?
Municipal?
Reportable interest income?
Corporate: may. OID MUST
Municipal: must Market D may
OID not taxable
discount- increase
premium- decrease
Cost basis of funds share
purchase price+ reinvested distribution/ total shares in fund= average cost per share
Wash sale rule
Municipal tax bond swap
61 days. 30 before, 30 after
-buying a call
deep in the money put
convertible bond or preferred stock
right/ warrant
loss allowed if two features are different.
Estate taxes/ gift taxes
progressive tax 11.58 million
23 million if married
Corp characteristics
unlimited life
free trasnferability of shares
limited liability
centralized managment
-if avoid 2, conduit taxation, not taxed as corp
conduit taxation
buisness passes along income and losses to partners
K1
individual partners file taxes for business using K1
recourse loan
secured financing. other assets
Oil and gas programs
Exploratory wild cat. high intangible drillin costs
development step out- moderate everything
incoe stripper wells- low IDC, low risk reward
AMT
if donation reduces taxable income substantially, triggers alternative min tax
1099- DIV
1099-INT
DIV- cash dividends and capital gains
INT- interest and tax free interest
Corporate taxation exlcusions
may exclude 50% of dividends (common and preferred)
interest income 100% taxable except tax-free municipal
MARCS
modified accelerate cost recovery stystem
aircraft, oil, drilling, ocmputer equipment
depreciated on straight line method over 27 1/2 years
control pereson
10% or more interest held by immediate family members
natural person
legal person
human
legally created entitiy
code of procedure
- district hearing panel
- adjudicators council
- SEC appeal
- federal court
Red herring
preliminary prospectus, indications of interest to set the final offering price
effective date
SEC declares issue effective. Underwriter sets effective date
exempt from 1933
Commercial paper, gov secuirities, municipal, agency
charitable or non profit SBIC small business investment companies
insurance companies
Rule 147
intrastate issues. Common stock issued within 1 state and only residents of that state.
issuer can advertise to any
cannot sell out of state for 6 mo after effective date
Regulation 8
Start up comapnies to raise capital
issues small dollar amounts of secuirities within 12 months
Tier 1- 20 million no audited financial statments
Tier 2- 75 milion audited satements. A+
Dislcosure: circular rather than prospectus
1A filled with SEC and a 20 day review period
1A
Regulation A, filled with SEC before issue is sold
circular
disclosure for Reg A rather than prospectus
Rule 415
shelf registration
seasoend companies to issue shares quickly, blanket registration with SEC
2 day notice
Regulation D
private placements
accredited investor- 1 mil net worth, 200k income. 5 mil assets
non accredited- letter understanding risk
Regulation M
public oferings. prohibitions on syndicate members during 20 day cooling period
Stabilization rules- included in prospectus
market manipulation- broker dealers cannot purchase shares to cover short positions within 5 days of effecive date
Rule 144
sale of restricted and control stock
1% outstanding shares, 4 weeks trading volume, 4x a year
unregistered shares held for 6 mo before they can be sold
- company must be public and SEC required filings current
- form can only be filled every 3 months, 4x a year
applies to insiders and affiliates- relatives, etc
144a
private placements with qualified institutional buyers QIBs 100 mil assets
no filing if sale every 90 days is no more than 5k sharesworth no more than 50 k
shares illiquid or inacctive, PORTAL trading
145
SEC requires registration statements when public traded secuirities created due to mergers, spinoff, etc
Bond tender offer rules
attempting to buy majority stake in company
makers offer prices at premium, contigent on min number of shares being tendered
initial offer 20 business days SEC rules, each sweetening extends by 10 days
short tender
investors can only tender shares they are net long
10b5
catch all fraud rule
10b-18
allow issuer to buy shares at highest bid or last reported sale price
1 broker dealer, cannot be opening transaction, executed within 10 min of close activity, must not be higher than market price or exceed 25% of trading valme
insider
10% holder, officer, director. must report status to SEC
report trades within 2 business days
Reg sho
before it can be sold short, locate requirement
rules for selling secuirities short
stabilization
satbilization of new issue in secondary market.
underwriter can stabilize price at or below POP
notice of stabilization in prospectus
13 D
proxies. filled with SEC 5% or more of a companies stock. 10 days
10k
balance sheet
income statement
cash flow statement
retained earnings
8k
1939
trust indenture act.
corporate bonds
protect bond holders SEC covenants or promises to bond buyer
trustee appointed bank or trust company
1940
investment advisors act
not required to register- banks, attorneys, accountants
Sarbanes Oxley Act
- faster reporting of trades
analysts separate from broker dealer investment banking functions
CEO and CFO annual certification of appropriateness financial statements
Penny stock 15g1-6
risk disclosure
exempt if customer signed 3 suitability determinations or done one trade before
bid/ask must be disclosed, compensation earned by rep, customer provided with monthly statements
CFTC
futures market. commodities futures trading commmission
EMMA
electronic municipal market
official statements for new issues, prerefunded bond info, 529 plans, municipal trades
CBOE rules
any options commuincation not occompanied by ODD disclosure be fille dwith exchange 10 days in advance of use
REgulation FD
fair disclosure inside trading.
prohibits issuers from making dslective disclosure to reasearch, mutual fund, and other professionals
NEW ISSUES
New issue requirements
prospectus, Registration with SEC
shelf offering
3 year shelf life,blue chip companies file blanket registration
Sales within 2 days of SEC notification
IPO 5130 Rule
restricted persons may not buy common IPOs
provide eligibility every 12 months (neg) and at account 9pos_
Restricted- FINRA members, finra employees and family
Syndicate letter-
participation % allocation, compensation (concession, liability
selling group member
agent helps find customers for new issues but neither participates in selling or liability.
selling concession
Managing underwriter
Forms syndicate and establishes spread and portions.
management fee
syndicate members
share in financinal liability and profit
underwriters concession
underwriting spread
difference bewteen POP and price bid by syndicate
Spread components
management- syndicate manager
underwriting fee- syndicate members
selling concession- seller earns
20 day cooling off
SEC filing
shares must be sold at POP
permitted- red herring prelim prospetus, indications of interest, tombstone without POP
tombstone announcment
issuer, business, secuirty,
gross offering size, POP, names of members
public sale
shares sold at POP
prospectus must be delivered at or prior to confirmation of sale
Disclaimer on front page
Delivery- 90 days for IPOs
good faith deposit
specified in official notice of sale for new municipal bond issue
cashier or ceritied check which each underwriter must submit
returned to unsuccessful bidders day winning underwriter is announced
municipal competitive bid
lowest interest rate bid wins
computation of weighted average interest cost to issuer without considering time value NIC net interest cost
premium subtracted from NIC, discount added
-qualified and unqualified opinions
NIC
net interest cost
computation of weighted average interest cost to issuerwithout considering time value .
premium subtracted from NIC, discount is added
official notice of sale
priority order for sale for municpal
PGDM
presale, group, designated orders, member
official statement for municipal
provides disclosure, requrested by underwriters to perform due diligence
delivered by settlement
competitive vs non compeitive bid
compeitive bid- primary dealers, gov secuirities dealers, other institutions
max bid 35% of total offering
noncompeitive bid- small insutitional investors. Max $5 million
Gov quoted on
yield basis
Bills auction
auctioned by fed as agent weekly
issued by treasury, issued on thursday
52 week is monthly
EMMA
MSRBs public web portal for information on municipal markets including official statements
Bloomberg
published daily, dealings offerings of muniicpal bonds in secondary market
quotes for any size, quotes subject to prior sale of change in price
-Quotes firm unless stated. Can be any size, doesn’t need to be round
quotes are bona fide
Standard and poors
Summaries of all corporate bonds
munifacts wire
owned by bond buyer, market info of new municpal bond offerings. official notice of sale, bond redemption, statistics of interest rates
Bests ratings
independent ocmpany. rates insurance companies
CRD
finras database of info on each representative including discipline history
Bond buyer index
yield of 20 GO bonds with 20 years to maturity AA rated or better
Revdex
yield to maturity by Bond Buyer. 25 revenue bonds, 30 years maturity
Standard and poors
100 index OEX, traded on CBOE
OEX
american style actively traded
standard and poors
500 index SPX european style
XMI
major market index AMEX
Dow jones
DJX CBOE
OEX spx most popular XMI broad based less popular
value line
vlleo phlx
willshire
all american stocks. broad measure
NYSE composite index
2.5k on NYSE
Qualified vs nonqualified pension plans
qualified- pre-tax funded. tax deductible
IRS DOL qualifies, cannot descriminate, zero cost based
nonqualified- after tax not tax deductible
eg. variable annuity, deferred comp, payroll deduction
accumulation may be tax deferred, earnings over cost basis taxed.
Simple IRA
14k max salary reduction 2-3% match
SEP IRA
25% of employee income
403 b tax
qualified annuities
tax deductible to employee
Keogh HR-10
61k max contibution. 20%
inherited IRA
only spouse can roll over funds in a new IRA under benefiicary name
distributions immedaite and deplete over 10 years
cost basis of secuirities is 0
market value of distrubition date= sales proceeds
defined benefit vs defined contribution pension plans
benefit- known benefit at retirement. high salaried emplyees, funding employer
contribution- unknown retirement. formula based. favors long tendured.
ERISA
employee retirement income secuirty act 1974
segregation of funds from corporate assets, non discirimation
departments:
margin departments
purchase of sales
reorgainzation
order department
margin- all accounts maintained under margin regulations of FRB and finra
purchase- processing orders
reorganization- secuirities changes in capitalization due to mergers, aquisitions, stock splits
oorder department- routing buy and sell orders
GMIB
guranteed minimum income benefit. only occurs at annuitization and over accumulation phase
accumulation phase
all interest dividends and capital gains realized from secuirites in separate accounts. must be reinvested to buy more accumulation units
build up of reinvested dividends is tax deferred
accumulation unit
accounting measure of owners interest in seaprate account
shares that a customer acquires in a seaprate account
underlying mutual fund shares
annuity units
accounting measure of annuity amount to be received by owner
once variable annuity contract is annuized, accumulation units converted to annuity unts determine annuity payments to be made
529 and max gift
1 time gift 5x normal limit. so 16kx5=80k
written complaints and customer accounts kept for how long
written- 4 years
customer accounts- 6 years
joint tennats with rights of survivorship
parties have undivided interest. survivor recieves assets
joint tennats in common
percentage ownership in account
transfer of assets
carrying firm has 1 business day to validate. must complete transfer in 3 days of validation
account record verification
sent to customer within 30 days of account opening and 36 months after
within 30 days of each account record update
REgulation SP
privacy notices, at opening and annually.
must be able to easily opt out of NPI non public personal information
BSA
bank secrecy act and patriot act- money laundering
options agreement
customer must sign no later than 15 days afte raccount opened. cannot do opening transactions until then
if conditions change, agreement must be ammended withint 15 days