Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year Two - Musculoskeletal System > Septic Arthritis > Flashcards

Septic Arthritis Flashcards

1
Q

What is septic arthritis?

A

It is defined as an orthopaedic emergency, in which there is infection and inflammation within a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What joint is most commonly affected by septic arthritis?

A

Knee Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the pathophysiological cause of septic arthritis?

A

The organism transmission tends to occur secondary to hematogenous spread from distant abscesses, wounds, respiratory tract infections or sexually transmitted infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What nine risk factors are associated with septic arthritis?

A

Osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Crystal Arthropathies

Joint Prosthesis

Immunosuppression

Diabetes Mellitus

Sickle Cell Disease

Intravenous Drug Use

Alcoholism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the six clinical features of septic arthritis?

A

Fever > 38C

Joint Pain

Joint Swelling

Joint Warmth

Joint Erythema

Reduced Joint Movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What two investigations are used to diagnose septic arthritis?

A

Blood Tests

Joint Arthrocentesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What four blood test results indicate septic arthritis?

A

Increased WCC Levels

Increased CRP Levels

Increased ESR Levels

Blood Culture Positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the gold standard investigation used to diagnose septic arthritis?

A

Joint Arthrocentesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When should joint arthrocentesis be used to diagnose septic arthritis?

A

It should be conducted in all cases in which there is presentation of a hot, swollen, tender joint with restricted movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What four synovial fluid analysis results indicate septic arthritis?

A

Yellow/Green Fluid Colour

Increased WCC Levels

Increased Neutrophil Levels

Positive Bacterial Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What eight causative organisms are associated with septic arthritis?

A

Staphylococcus Aureus

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Neisseria Gonorrhoea

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

Streptococcus Pyogenes

Haemophilus Influenza

Escherichia Coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the most common causative organism associated with septic arthritis?

A

Staphylococcus Aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When does Neisseria Gonorrhoea tend to cause septic arthritis?

A

It is the most common causative organism of septic arthritis in sexually active young patients - due to disseminated gonococcal infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When does Mycobacterium Tuberculosis tend to cause septic arthritis?

A

It is the most common causative organism of septic arthritis in immunocompromised patients and those from areas of high tuberculosis prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When does Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) tend to cause septic arthritis?

A

It is the most common causative organism in nursing home residents and those recently discharged from hospital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What criteria is used to diagnose septic arthritis?

A

Kocher Criteria

17
Q

How is the Kocher criteria used to diagnose septic arthritis?

A

It is used to determine the septic arthritis probability, based upon clinical features and investigation findings

18
Q

What are the four Kocher criteria?

A

Non-Weight Bearing On Affected Side= 1 Score

ESR Level > 40mm/Hr = 1 Score

Fever > 38.5C = 1 Score

WCC > 12,000 Cells/mm3 = 1Score

19
Q

What does a Kocher score of 1 indicate?

A

3% chance of septic arthritis

20
Q

What does a Kocher score of 2 indicate?

A

40% chance of septic arthritis

21
Q

What does a Kocher score of 3 indicate?

A

93% chance of septic arthritis

22
Q

What does a Kocher score of 4 indicate?

A

99% chance of septic arthritis

23
Q

What is the pharmacological management option of septic arthritis?

A

Antibiotic Therapy

24
Q

When is antibiotic therapy used to manage septic arthritis?

A

It is the first line management option

25
Q

What is the first line empirical antibiotic used to manage septic arthritis?

A

Flucloxacillin

26
Q

What is the first line empirical antibiotic used to manage septic arthritis - in penicillin allergic individuals?

A

Clindamycin

27
Q

Describe the antibiotic regime used to manage septic arthritis

A

It is administered intravenously for a period of 2 weeks, before being switched to an oral course for a period of 2 – 4 weeks

Therefore, the total antibiotic course is 4 – 6 weeks long

28
Q

Which two antibiotics are administered once culture confirms Neisseria Gonorrhoea infection?

A

Cefotaxime

OR

Ceftriaxone

29
Q

Which two antibiotics are administered once culture confirms MRSA infection?

A

Vancomycin

OR

Teicoplanin

30
Q

What is the surgical management option of septic arthritis?

A

Arthroscopic Lavage

31
Q

What is arthroscopic lavage?

A

It involves aspiration of intra-articular fluid and washing out of contents inside a joint space

32
Q

What are the three complications associated with septic arthritis?

A

Joint Destruction

Septic Shock

Osteomyelitis

Year Two - Musculoskeletal System (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions