Avascular Necrosis Of The Hip Flashcards
What is another term for avascular necrosis?
Osteonecrosis
What is avascular necrosis (AVN)?
It is defined as death of bone tissue secondary to a loss of blood supply
Which bone is most commonly affected by avascular necrosis?
Femur Bone
What five risk factors are associated with avacular necrosis of the hip?
Middle Aged, 30 – 40 Years Old
Hip Trauma
Oral Corticosteroids
Chemotherapy
Alcoholism
What are the three clinical features of avascular necrosis of the hip?
Gradual Hip Pain
Gradual Anterior Groin Pain
Hip Joint Stiffness
Describe the hip pain associated with avascular necrosis of the hip
It is worse on weight bearing and movement, specifically internal and external rotation
What two investigations are used to diagnose avascular necrosis of the hip?
Hip X-Ray
MRI Scans
What are the four features of avascular necrosis of the hip on x-ray scans?
Femoral Head Sclerosis
Irregular Articular Surfaces
Crescent’s Sign
Hip Fractures
How does femoral head sclerosis present on x-ray?
The femoral head appears hyperlucent
There is flattening and reduced volume of the femoral head
What is the cresent’s sign?
It is a curvilinear lucent subchondral line caused by a subchondral fracture
What is important to note about the use of hip x-rays in order to diagnose avascular necrosis of the hip?
In early disease, hip x-rays may present normally
What is the gold standard investigation used to diagnsoe avascular necrosis of the hip?
MRI Scan
What are the three features of avascular necrosis of the hip on MRI scans?
Femoral Head Sclerosis
Double Line Sign
Subchondral Collapse
What is the double line sign?
It is a hypointense line adjacent to a hyperintense line
What is the first line management option of avascular necrosis of the hip?
Conservative Management
