sept 21 Flashcards
T/f: focusing events create policy windows
true
what is a focusing event
points in time when the opportunity arises for an issue to come onto the policy agenda and be taken seriously with a view to action
policy agenda
list of issues to which an organization, usually the government, is giving serious attention at any one time with a view to taking some sort of action
t/f: policy change begins with agenda setting
true
getting issues on the policy agenda
- focusing event (can not use to our advantage)
- ‘politics-as-usual’/’incrementalism’: policy change occurs, if it does at all, through a gradual accumulation of small changes
rational model of policy making
- identify problem
- establish decision criteria
- weigh decision criteria
- generate alternatives
- evaluate alternatives
- chose the best alternative
- implement decision
- evaluate decision
top 5 causes of death globally
- ischemic heart disease
- stroke
- covid
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- lower respiratory infections
top 5 reasons for hospital stay
- birth
- covid
- heart failure
- heart attack
- substance use disorder
two agenda setting models
- hall et al.’s model of legitimacy, feasibility and support
- kingdons policy streams/multiple streams model
hall et al.’s model
“only when an issue and likely response are high in terms of their legitimacy, feasibility and support do they get on to a government agenda”
legitimacy
characteristic of those issues which policy makers see as appropriate for government to act on
feasibility
characteristic of those issues for which there is a practical solution
support
characteristic of those issues to which the public and other key political interests want to see a response
kingdons policy streams
policies are only taken seriously by governments when:
- the problem they are addressing is perceived as being a public matter requiring government action
the policy solutions being proposed are perceived as technically feasible and consistent with dominant social values
- the politicians/policymakers have the motivation and opportunity to enact policy solutions
problem stream
indicsyotd of the scale and significance of an issue which give it visibility
- is there a problem? what is it?
- do we know/is there consensus regarding the causes of the problem?
do people know about the problem?
problem recognition and framing
policy stream
set of possible policy solutions or alternatives developed by experts, politicians, bureaucrats and interest groups, together with the activities of those interested in these options
politics stream
political events such as shifts in the national mood or public opinion, elections and changes in government, social uprisings, demonstrations and campaigns by interest groups
t/f: keeping issues off policy agenda is as important as keeping them on
true
