Seprating mixtures Flashcards
What is freezing?
When two or more different liquids can be separated by freezing.
Why does freezing work?
Different liquids freeze at different temperatures.
Which liquid freezes first?
The liquid with the highest melting point melts first and the one with the lowest melting point freezes last.
Why does melting work?
The solid that has the lowest melting point melts first. Different liquids melt at different temperatures.
what is filtration used for?
Separate insoluable solids from liquids
Why does. filtering work?
Small liquid particles pass through the filter paper and into the container and the insoluable solids cannot get through
What apparatus do you use to filter?
Funnel
Filter paper
Container
What is evaporation used for?
Used to separate a soluable solid from the liquid it is dissolved in.
Why is evaporation work?
Works because solvent particles in the solution evaporate and leave the solute behind
What is distillation used for?
Used to separate and collect the liquid solvent.
How does distillation work?
Solution is heated until its boils and the solvent particles turn into a gas that is collected by the cold water running around the condensor. Cooling makes gases condense into a liquid which is then collected and the solid is left in its original container.
What is fractional distillation?
Separates out different substances in a mixture of two or more liquids.
How does fractional distillation work?
mixture is heated
lowest boiling point boils first
as it boils it turns into gas and travels down the tube and into the side arm
cools and condenses and turns into liquid which is collected
