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Chemistry > Seperation Technique > Flashcards

Seperation Technique Flashcards

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1
Q

Filtration?

A

It is used to separate suspended particles from a liquid

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2
Q

Precautions of filtration?

A

Filter funnel should be filled only uptick two thirds
Glass rod to direct suspension
Stem of funnel should touch the walls of the beaker

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3
Q

Decantation?

A

Mixture allowed to stand. Sediments gather at the bottom

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4
Q

The liquid in decantation?

A

Supernatant

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5
Q

Centrifuging?

A

Decantation done in machine. Sediment is more solid at the bottom

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6
Q

How to separate dissolved solids from liquids? (3)

A

Boiling/ evaporation
Crystallisation
Chromatography

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7
Q

Evaporation?

A

Used to concentrate dilute solutions without heating

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8
Q

How to gain back solvent from evaporation?

A

Condensation or distillation

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9
Q

Precautions of evaporation to dryness?

A

Spitting

Not suitable for salts with water of crystallisation

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10
Q

What physical change occurs due to loss of water of crystallisation?

A

Change of colour

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11
Q

Advantage of evaporation?

A

Solute can be obtained in dry form

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12
Q

Disadvantage of evaporation?

A

Solvent is lost

Impurities are also left behind

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13
Q

Crystallisation?

A

Separate solute in form of crystals from its aqueous or non aqueous form

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14
Q

Crystallisation is useful for?

A

Salts that are heat liable

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15
Q

How is crystallisation done?

A

Cooling a hot liquid over a water bath and drops of solution are taken out to check if crystals are forming or not.

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16
Q

After crystals are formed what is done?

A

It is washed with distilled water and then dried with filter paper

17
Q

Advantages of crystallisation ?

A

No impurities

18
Q

Disadvantage of crystallisation?

A

Not all solute will form crystals

19
Q

How to improve water of crystallisation? (2)

A

Inner walls or evaporating dish to be scrapped

Seeding

20
Q

Chromatography?

A

Separate coloured components from a single mixture

21
Q

Solvent front?

A

The total distance travelled by a mixture

22
Q

Solute front?

A

Distance travelled by one component of the mixture

23
Q

How to calculate from value?

A

Solute front/ solvent front

24
Q

How to separate spots?

A

Cut them and dissolve in solvent . Solution to be then evaporated

25
Q

What to take care in chromatography?

A

All solute must dissolve in solvent

26
Q

What to spray on if there is no colour?

A

Ninhydrin

27
Q

Round bottom flask is used for? Why?

A

Heating so that the heat is equally divided

28
Q

Why are small balls placed in fractionating column?

A

To provide hindrance so that the gases come out at bigger intervals and are this collected separately

Chemistry (6 decks)

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