Seperating Mixtures Flashcards
Dissolved
describes a substance that has mixed completely with a liquid so that it is no longer visible. Dissolving requires the substance to separate into very small particles
Solution
a mixture of a solute dissolved in a solvent. Solutions are transparent but may be coloured.
Solute
The substance getting dissolved
Solvent
The substance that is doing the dissolving
Aqueous solutions
Solutions in which water is the solvent
Soluble
A substance that can be dissolved
Insoluble
A substance that can be dissolved
Chemical reaction
A chemical change in which one or more new chemical substances is produced
Concentrated
A solution containing a large amount of solute
Saturated
Unable to dissolve any more solute
Dilution
A process of adding more solvent to a solution to make it less concentrated
Fair test
A method for determining an answer to a problem without favouring any particular outcome another name for a controlled experiment
Pressure
A push or squeeze on an object
Suspension
A mixture of a gas or liquid and an insoluble substance. The insoluble substance settles to the bottom when the mixture is left to stand
Filtration
The process of separating suspended particles from fluid through a filter
Sediment
A mixture of a gas or liquid and an insoluble substance. The insoluble substance settles to the bottom when the mixture is left to stand
Residue
The insoluble object left on top of the liquid
Filtrate
A process were bacteria and items are removed from liquids
Centrifuging
Separating a mixture by rotating the container quickly. The heavier parts of the mixture move to the outside of the spinning container
Separating funnel
A pear-shaped glass container, with a tap at its base, used to separate two liquids that do not mix. Opening the tap removes the bottom liquid and the liquid floating on top is left in the funnel
Colloid
A mixture in which extremely small particles of one substance are spread evenly throughout another substance
Emulsion
A colloid with droplets of one liquid spread evenly through another
Decanting
Pouring liquid off the top when sediment has settled to the bottom of the container
Sieving
Separating particles of different sizes by allowing the smaller particles to fall through holes in a container
Separating funnel
A pear-shaped glass container, with a tap at its base, used to separate two liquids that do not mix. Opening the tap removes the bottom liquid and the liquid floating on top is left in the funnel
Centrifuging
Separating a mixture by rotating the container quickly. The heavier parts of the mixture move to the outside of the spinning container
Distillation
A separation technique that uses evaporation to separate substances. The mixture is heated so that one substance evaporates the vapour is collected and condenses into a liquid
Water condenser
A glass device for cooling a gas to form a liquid. It is a tube within a tube the gas flows through the inner tube while water moves through the surrounding outer tube to cool the gas
Distillate
The liquid collected during distillation when the evaporated substance condenses
Distilled water
Pure water from a condensing steam
Crystallisation
A separation technique that uses evaporation to separate the parts of a solution The solvent evaporates and leaves behind the solute as crystals
Osmosis
The process of separating using a membrane through which one constituent cannot pass
Paper chromatography
Method of separating a mixture of different colours the liquid soaks through the paper and carries the mixture with it some substances are carried faster than others so the substances are separated along the paper
