Separation Techniques and The Periodic Table

Question 1

What is a mixture?

Answer 1

A mixture is two or more elements and/or compounds not chemically combined.

Question 2

What is a solution?

Answer 2

A solution is a solute completely mixed with a solvent. :

Question 3

What is a pure substance?

Answer 3

A pure substance is a substance that consists of only one type of element or compound.

Question 4

How can you tell if something is a pure substance?

Answer 4

A pure substance has a fixed melting and boiling point.

Question 5

Name 4 ways you can separate a mixture

Answer 5

Evaporation,Filtration,Distillation and Chromatography.

Question 6

What is evaporation?

Answer 6

Evaporation is when a liquid is removed from a solution leaving a soild material.

Question 7

What is distillation?

Answer 7

Disstillation separates the solvent from the solution by evaporating and condensing.

Question 8

How are evaporation and distillation different?

Answer 8

Evaporation is a change of matter and distillation is a process of separation.

Question 9

Describe how to carry out filtration

Answer 9

First you have a beaker (Empty) and filter paper and a filter funnel in the top. You then pour your mixture of soild and liquid into the filter funnel so it goes through the filter paper and into the beaker below. The liquid will go though the paper and the soild will stay on the top. This is how they can be separated.

Question 10

Why can’t you separate a solvent from a solute using filtration?

Answer 10

You cannot separate a slovent from a solute using filtration because the solute is completely mixed in with the solvent, both will just pass straight through the filter paper.

Question 11

What is chromatography used for?

Answer 11

Chromatography is used to separte mixtures (Usually coloured) such as food dyes or colourings.

Question 12

Describe how to carry out chromatography

Answer 12

Chromeatography is done by drawing a line on a piece of paper and coloured dots (in pen) on the line. The paper is then put into a glass of water and the coloured dots make a line of colour going up. The more soluble a substance is the further it will travel up the paper. If 2 spots travel the same distance on the same chromatogram, it means they are the same substance.
If a substance splits into more than one spot, this means it contains multiple substances and is not pure.

Question 13

What are the columns of the periodic table called?

Answer 13

Groups

Question 14

What are the rows of the periodic table called?

Answer 14

Periods

Question 15

Describe a trend of the group 1 elements

Answer 15

The trend is that as you go down the group the atoms in the metal get bigger.

Question 16

Describe a trend of the group 7 elements

Answer 16

The trend is that as you go down the group the melting and boiling points of the metals increases.

Question 17

What is special about group 0?

Answer 17

Group 0 contains non metal elements and they are called the noble gases.