Separation Techniques

Question 1

Extraction

Answer 1

separates aqueous mixtures, organic phase less polar

Question 2

Simple Distillation

Answer 2

separates molecules by vapor pressure, more volatile distill first

Question 3

Fractional Distillation

Answer 3

separation of liquids whose bps are closer together

Question 4

Vacuum Distillation

Answer 4

lowers pressure in system allowing distillation to occur at lower temperatures

Question 5

TLC

Answer 5

stationary phase- polar
mobile phase- non-polar (usually hexane)
*np travels further and faster

Question 6

Column Chromatography

Answer 6

stationary phase- absorbant

mobile phase- solvent poured through column

Question 7

Size Exclusion Chromatography

Answer 7

stationary phase- pore studded gel beads (smaller molecules get trapped and elute slower)

Question 8

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

Answer 8

separates based on electrostatic interactions

Question 9

Cation Exchange

Answer 9

captures + ions, elute slower

- charged stationary phase

Question 10

Anion Exchange

Answer 10

captures - ions, elute slower

+ charged stationary phase

Question 11

Affinity Chromatography

Answer 11

ligands designed to bind a specific compound of interest are attached to the stationary phase beads

Question 12

Gas Chromatography

Answer 12

lower bp elute faster and have earlier peaks