separation of powers

Question 1

what are the executive functions ?

Answer 1

The executive functions are to
make law and policy ,
maintenance of order ,
management of public property and services,
direction of foreign policy ,
conduct of military operations and provision of services

Question 2

what did casey say about the executive power

Answer 2

the executive functions are merely the functions of government when the judicial and legislative power are taken away.

Question 3

describe the doctrine of non delegation

Answer 3

The doctrine of nondelegation describes the theory that one branch of government must not authorize another entity to exercise the power or function which it is constitutionally authorized to exercise itself.

Question 4

what does the principles and policy test allow ?

Answer 4

It allows subordinate body to amend parent act without interference from the court.

Question 5

what legislation does the principles and policies test deal with and what part of legislation does the oireachtas deal with ?

Answer 5

Principles and policies should be dealt by primary legislation of the Oireachtas; however, details may be filled in by secondary legislation.

Question 6

what question arose in Cityview press v. AnCO?

Answer 6

in Cityview press v. AnCO , the question arose whether Parliament could delegate certain powers to the defendant body , AnCo

Question 7

what did the supreme court rule in laurentiu v Minister for justice

Answer 7

In this case the supreme court ruled that in determining the criteria upon which non- Eu nationals would be deported from the state, the Minister for justice was making rather than giving effect to principles and policies in the legislation.
The minister was effectively given the bare power to create these policies himself.
This, the court concluded was unconstitutional.

Question 8

what did the courts rule in the case of Mcdavid v sheehy

Answer 8

the high court . ruled that legislation permitting the government to create and set customs duties involved an unconstitutional delegation of the power to make law.
The legislation in question had granted a “bare” power to the government to impose taxes without reference to any ‘Principles or policies” which such provisions might follow.

Question 9

what are the facts of the case Leontjava v DPP and chang v DPP.

Answer 9

The applicants were before the District court on charges pursuant to articles 5 and 6 and 15 of the aliens order 1946 as amended.
The applicants sought , by way of judicial review to prohibit their trials on grounds that 5(1)(h) of that act was inconsistent with art 15.2 of the constitution.
In the high court , Finlay Geoghegan J held that s 5(1)(h) fell foul of the cityview test for much the same reasons as given by keane J in laurentiu.

Question 10

what are Henry VIII” clauses

Answer 10

Some statutory instruments are made under provisions of Acts which allow the instrument to change the parent Act itself, or to change other primary legislation. These provisions, allowing primary legislation to be amended by secondary legislation, are known as “Henry VIII” clauses

Question 11

what did the health act 1970 provide ?

Answer 11

The health act 1970 provided that health services should be provided for free to those with inadequate means

Question 12

what happened In the case of cooke v Walshe ?

Answer 12

the plaintiff had suffered serious injuries in a car accident.

Question 13

what were acne responsible for ?

Answer 13

AnCo were responsible for training under skilled persons for work in various industries

Question 14

what legislation arose in city view v anco and what did it allow anco to do ?

Answer 14

The legislation in question , the Industrial training act 1967 , had allowed AnCo to set and impose levies on industry to help pay for this training

Question 15

what did the plaintiff complain about in the case of city view v anco ?

Answer 15

The plaintiff complained that only the legislature could set and impose such levies.

Question 16

what did the supreme court conclude in the case of city view v anco?

Answer 16

The supreme court rules that the powers conferred on AnCO by the act were in keeping with the Constitution.
Applying the principles and policy test, the supreme Court concluded that , in setting and collecting these levies, AnCO was merely following the policy of parliament and not setting policy on its own.
The policy of the state was that employers should pay for the training of workers. AnCO was merely giving effect to this policy.

Question 17

talk about the minister in relation to the health services regulations 1971

Answer 17

the Minister had made the Health services regulations 1971 , art 6(3) of which provided that health services would not be available for free to a person injured in a car accident, unless that person can establish that she is not entitled to damages or compensation from a third person

Question 18

what did the defendant challenge in the case of cooke v walshe

Answer 18

The defendant in the personal injuries action sought to challenge the constitutionality of s 71, and the validity of art 6(3), by reference to art 15.2 of the constitution.

Question 19

what did the court hold in the case of cooke v walshe

Answer 19

The court opted for interpretation of s72, art 6(3) which was impermissible over the interpretation of s.72 6(3) which was permissible because the court held that it would be unconstitutional for the Oireachtas to delegate to a Minister the power either to amend primary legislation or to act inconsistently with primary legislation.