Separation Of Mixtures Flashcards
Why is it easier to separate a compound than a mixture.
In a compound, elements are chemically joined
Why do we separate mixtures
So that substances can be purified
What is the key to separation
Recognizing the different properties of the substances you are going to separate.
Name 6 separation methods
Decanting Filtration Evaporation Distillation Chromatography Magnetism
What is decanting
The process of carefully pouring off a liquid from a mixture of non-mixing substances
Eg. Oil and water
What is an immiscible liquid
Liquids that do not mix due to different densities
Usually separated by decanting
What are miscible liquids
Liquids that mix very well.
Eg. Water and ethanol. Different boiling points.
What is filtration
Method used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid or solution
The outputs are residue(the solid in the filter paper) and filtrate (the component that passed through)
Eg. Sand from water
What is evaporation
Used to separate soluble solid from liquid.
Eg salt from water
Residue is what’s left
What is distillation
Used to separate two miscible liquids with different boiling points
Mixture is heated to turn most volatile component from liquid to vapor
Gas goes through Liebig condenser, back to liquid into separate beaker
What is the boiling point of water/ ethanol
100, 78
What is chromatography
Used to separate different colours
Eg inks dyes and food coloring agents
How does chromatography work
Different sized particles will travel through the chromatography paper at different speeds so they separate out at different distances.
