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Science > Separation And Solubility > Flashcards

Separation And Solubility Flashcards

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0
Q

How do you know when the liquid is insoluble

A

None of the solid particles will dissolve, the solid will remain at the bottom as a sediment or floating in the liquid as suspension and (due to suspension) the liquid is opaque

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1
Q

How do you know if the solid is soluble

A

All of the solid has dissolved and/or the liquid is transparent

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2
Q

What does solution mean

A

When a solute and solvent are mixed together all the liquid is transparent and all the solid has dissolved

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3
Q

What does sediment mean

A

When there are solid particles at the bottom of the test tube

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4
Q

What does suspension mean

A

Solid particles that are floating (suspended) in the liquid

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5
Q

When particles dissolve the solid is…

A

Soluble

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6
Q

When particles do not dissolve the solid is…

A

Insoluble

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7
Q

What is a solution made from

A

A soluble solute that dissolves in a solvent

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8
Q

What is a solute

A

A solid that will dissolve in a solvent

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9
Q

What is a solvent

A

A liquid

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10
Q

What happens when an insoluble solid is mixed with water

A

The water goes cloudy

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11
Q

What is the most common solvent

Why

A

Water

It is easily available, cheap and dissolves a lot of different solutes

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12
Q

What other liquids can be used as solvents

A

White spirits and ethanol

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13
Q

Solute which are insoluble in water may dissolve in other solvents is this true or false

A

True

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14
Q

What is a saturated solution

A

The point where no more solute will dissolve

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15
Q

How do u make more solid dissolve

A

By adding more solvent e.g. water or increasing the temperature

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16
Q

What word should we use to describe a clear solution

A

Colourless

17
Q

Give 2 examples of an insoluble solid

A

Chalk

Wood

18
Q

Give 2 examples of a soluble solid

A

Salt

Sugar

19
Q

Is orange squash a solvent a solute or a solution

A

Solution

20
Q

What does dissolve mean

A

When the solute breaks apart to form a solution

21
Q

What are the particles in salt like

A

Held together in a fixed shape

22
Q

The particles in water can move around

True or false

A

True

23
Q

Rock is soluble

True or false

A

False

24
Q

When the salt particles dissolve are they still in a fixed shape

A

No they mix with the water particles to form a solution

25
Q

10g of salt + 100g of water would have made the mass of the solution…

A

110g

26
Q

If you dissolve 20g of salt in 100g of water the mass of the solution would be…

A

120g

27
Q

What can you use to separate sand from salty water

A

Filter paper

28
Q

When you use filter paper the method is called…

A

Filtration

29
Q

How does filtration/separation of sand from salty water work

A

The sand grains are to big to fit through the tiny holes in the filter paper but the paper will not trap the particles of salt as they are very small. Both the sand and water will get through and is deposited in the tray below where as the sand is trapped in the paper lining the funnel

30
Q

What is a mixture

A

More than one substance in a container

31
Q

Give an example of a mixture

A

Muddy water

It contains mud and water

32
Q

List four ways you can separate mixtures

A

Sieving, using a magnet, filtering and evaporating

33
Q

What is evaporating

A

Liquids turning into vapour

34
Q

What is condensation

A

Gas turning back to liquid

35
Q

What is distillation

A

Evaporation followed by condensation

36
Q

What is distillate

A

Something formed by distillation

37
Q

In the equipment for distillation why does the cooling water enter the condenser at the lower end and leave at the higher end?

A

So the condenser fills completely and is not effected by gravity

38
Q

Why are glass beads added to the mixture in the round bottom flask

A

The beads are a surface for bubbles to form on and ensure that smooth boiling takes place

39
Q

In the demonstration we were shown what was the distillate, I.e the substance that was left behind by distillation

A

The water

40
Q

What would of been left in the round bottom flask if the demonstration had continued.

A

Solid copper sulphate

41
Q

Why is evaporation a better method for getting the solute from a solution

A

More solid is obtained by evaporation rather than crystallisation

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