Separation And Solubility Flashcards
How do you know when the liquid is insoluble
None of the solid particles will dissolve, the solid will remain at the bottom as a sediment or floating in the liquid as suspension and (due to suspension) the liquid is opaque
How do you know if the solid is soluble
All of the solid has dissolved and/or the liquid is transparent
What does solution mean
When a solute and solvent are mixed together all the liquid is transparent and all the solid has dissolved
What does sediment mean
When there are solid particles at the bottom of the test tube
What does suspension mean
Solid particles that are floating (suspended) in the liquid
When particles dissolve the solid is…
Soluble
When particles do not dissolve the solid is…
Insoluble
What is a solution made from
A soluble solute that dissolves in a solvent
What is a solute
A solid that will dissolve in a solvent
What is a solvent
A liquid
What happens when an insoluble solid is mixed with water
The water goes cloudy
What is the most common solvent
Why
Water
It is easily available, cheap and dissolves a lot of different solutes
What other liquids can be used as solvents
White spirits and ethanol
Solute which are insoluble in water may dissolve in other solvents is this true or false
True
What is a saturated solution
The point where no more solute will dissolve
How do u make more solid dissolve
By adding more solvent e.g. water or increasing the temperature
What word should we use to describe a clear solution
Colourless
Give 2 examples of an insoluble solid
Chalk
Wood
Give 2 examples of a soluble solid
Salt
Sugar
Is orange squash a solvent a solute or a solution
Solution
What does dissolve mean
When the solute breaks apart to form a solution
What are the particles in salt like
Held together in a fixed shape
The particles in water can move around
True or false
True
Rock is soluble
True or false
False
When the salt particles dissolve are they still in a fixed shape
No they mix with the water particles to form a solution
10g of salt + 100g of water would have made the mass of the solution…
110g
If you dissolve 20g of salt in 100g of water the mass of the solution would be…
120g
What can you use to separate sand from salty water
Filter paper
When you use filter paper the method is called…
Filtration
How does filtration/separation of sand from salty water work
The sand grains are to big to fit through the tiny holes in the filter paper but the paper will not trap the particles of salt as they are very small. Both the sand and water will get through and is deposited in the tray below where as the sand is trapped in the paper lining the funnel
What is a mixture
More than one substance in a container
Give an example of a mixture
Muddy water
It contains mud and water
List four ways you can separate mixtures
Sieving, using a magnet, filtering and evaporating
What is evaporating
Liquids turning into vapour
What is condensation
Gas turning back to liquid
What is distillation
Evaporation followed by condensation
What is distillate
Something formed by distillation
In the equipment for distillation why does the cooling water enter the condenser at the lower end and leave at the higher end?
So the condenser fills completely and is not effected by gravity
Why are glass beads added to the mixture in the round bottom flask
The beads are a surface for bubbles to form on and ensure that smooth boiling takes place
In the demonstration we were shown what was the distillate, I.e the substance that was left behind by distillation
The water
What would of been left in the round bottom flask if the demonstration had continued.
Solid copper sulphate
Why is evaporation a better method for getting the solute from a solution
More solid is obtained by evaporation rather than crystallisation
