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chemistry paper 1 > separate chemistry > Flashcards

separate chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the typical properties of transition metals

A

-hard
-strong
-shiny
-conduct heat and electricity

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2
Q

what are alloys

A

they are made by adding another element to a metal. this can be a metal or a non metal

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3
Q

why are alloys stronger than pure metals

A

as the other element will stop the layers of the metal from sliding over each other. this means that the alloy is less malleable

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4
Q

how is the alloy steel made

A

by adding small amounts of carbon to the pure iron

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5
Q

how is the alloy bronze made

A

copper + tin

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6
Q

what is bronze used for

A

medals, statues and decorations

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7
Q

how is the alloy brass made

A

copper+zinc

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8
Q

what is brass used for

A

water taps and door fittings

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9
Q

how pure is 24 carat gold

A

100%

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10
Q

how pure is 18 carat gold

A

75%

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11
Q

what is aluminium alloys used for

A

to make aircrafts

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12
Q

how is the alloy magnalium made

A

aluminium+magnesium

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13
Q

what is magnalium used for

A

make parts for cars and aeroplanes

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14
Q

why do metals corrode

A

due to the presence of oxygen which causes oxidation

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15
Q

what is rusting

A

this is the corrosion of iron

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16
Q

what are the 3 ways to prevent rusting

A

painting
-electroplating
-sacrificial protection

17
Q

how does painting prevent rusting

A

it creates a physical barrier between the metal and the air

18
Q

how does sacrificial protection prevent rusting

A

this involves placing a more reactive metal with the metal you want to protect. the oxygen will then react with the more reactive metal. however, the more reactive metal will need to be constantly replaced

19
Q

what is electroplating

A

coating the surface of a metal with another metal using electrolysis

20
Q

how do you do electroplating

A

-your cathode is the object your going to electroplate
-your anode is the bar of metal your using for the plating
-your electrolyte is the solution containing the metal ion of the metal your using for the plating

21
Q

why are titration experiments used

A

to find out concentrations of a liquid

22
Q

what is the formula for concentration

A

moles/volume

23
Q

how do you do titration calculations

A

-find out the moles of the known
-use equation to do mole ratio to find out moles of unknown
then work out the concentration

24
Q

what is the formula for percentage yeild

A

actual yeild/ theoretical yield *100

25
Q

how to do percentage yield calculations

A

work out no. moles of reactant
-use balance equation to do mole ratio
-work out mass of this using moles
-then find percentage yield

26
Q

what is atom economy

A

the percentage of the reactants has been turned into the desired product

27
Q

what is the formula for atom economy

A

total mr of desired products/ total mr of all the products *100

28
Q

what is the chemical equation of the haber process

A

N2+H2=NH3

29
Q

what does the haber process produce

A

ammonia

30
Q

what are the three main elements in fertilisers that plants need

A

nitrogen phosphorus and potassium

31
Q

what is the molar volume

A

this is the volume occupied by one mole of a gas

32
Q

what is the formula for molar volume

A

volume/number of moles

33
Q

what is avogadros law

A

one mole of any gas occupies 24dm3 or 24000cm3 at room temperature and pressure

34
Q

what is a fuel cell

A

this is a type of chemical cell thats supplied with fuel and oxygen to produce electrical energy

35
Q

what fuel do hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell use

A

hydrogen

36
Q

what is the equation for the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells

A

hydrogen+oxygen= water

37
Q

what are the advantages of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells

A

no pollutants produced

38
Q

what are the disadvantages of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells

A

-needs lots of space to store
-it is explosive so it is also difficult to store

chemistry paper 1 (5 decks)

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